Mathew Nisha, Anitha M G, Bala T S L, Sivakumar S M, Narmadha R, Kalyanasundaram M
Vector Control Research Centre (ICMR), Indira Nagar, Pondicherry, 605006, India.
Parasitol Res. 2009 Apr;104(5):1017-25. doi: 10.1007/s00436-008-1284-x. Epub 2008 Nov 28.
Screening of natural products for mosquito larvicidal activity against three major mosquito vectors Aedes aegypti, Culex quinquefasciatus, and Anopheles stephensi resulted in the identification of three potential plant extracts viz., Saraca indica/asoca, Nyctanthes arbor-tristis, and Clitoria ternatea for mosquito larval control. In the case of S. indica/asoca, the petroleum ether extract of the leaves and the chloroform extract of the bark were effective against the larvae of C. quinquefasciatus with respective LC(50) values 228.9 and 291.5 ppm. The LC(50) values of chloroform extract of N. arbor-tristis leaves were 303.2, 518.2, and 420.2 ppm against A. aegypti, A. stephensi, and C. quinquefasciatus, respectively. The methanol and chloroform extracts of flowers of N. arbor-tristis showed larvicidal activity against larvae of A. stephensi with the respective LC(50) values of 244.4 and 747.7 ppm. Among the methanol extracts of C. ternatea leaves, roots, flowers, and seeds, the seed extract was effective against the larvae of all the three species with LC(50) values 65.2, 154.5, and 54.4 ppm, respectively, for A. stephensi, A. aegypti, and C. quinquefasciatus. Among the three plant species studied for mosquito larvicidal activity, C. ternatea was showing the most promising mosquito larvicidal activity. The phytochemical analysis of the promising methanolic extract of the seed extract was positive for carbohydrates, saponins, terpenoids, tannins, and proteins. In conclusion, bioassay-guided fractionation of effective extracts may result in identification of a useful molecule for the control of mosquito vectors.
对天然产物进行筛选，以检测其对三种主要蚊虫媒介埃及伊蚊、致倦库蚊和斯氏按蚊的杀幼虫活性，结果鉴定出三种具有潜在杀幼虫活性的植物提取物，即无忧花、夜香树和蝶豆，可用于控制蚊虫幼虫。就无忧花而言，叶的石油醚提取物和树皮的氯仿提取物对致倦库蚊幼虫有效，其半数致死浓度（LC50）分别为228.9 ppm和291.5 ppm。夜香树叶的氯仿提取物对埃及伊蚊、斯氏按蚊和致倦库蚊的LC50值分别为303.2 ppm、518.2 ppm和420.2 ppm。夜香树花的甲醇提取物和氯仿提取物对斯氏按蚊幼虫表现出杀幼虫活性，其LC50值分别为244.4 ppm和747.7 ppm。在蝶豆叶、根、花和种子的甲醇提取物中，种子提取物对所有这三种蚊虫的幼虫均有效，对斯氏按蚊、埃及伊蚊和致倦库蚊的LC50值分别为65.2 ppm、154.5 ppm和54.4 ppm。在所研究的三种具有杀幼虫活性的植物物种中，蝶豆显示出最有前景的杀幼虫活性。对有前景的种子提取物的甲醇提取物进行植物化学分析，结果表明含有碳水化合物、皂苷、萜类化合物、单宁和蛋白质。总之，对有效提取物进行生物测定导向的分级分离可能会鉴定出一种用于控制蚊虫媒介的有用分子。
