Schmidt Wolfgang A, Backhaus Marina
Medical Centre for Rheumatology Berlin-Buch, Linden serper wef 19. 11, 13125 Berlin, Germany.
Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2008 Dec;22(6):981-99. doi: 10.1016/j.berh.2008.09.013.
A transducer generates ultrasound waves and emits them into the body. Boundaries in or between tissues reflect the waves, and the transducer receives the reflected waves. A computer converts the information into images that are displayed on a monitor. Image resolution is greater with higher frequencies, and penetration is greater with lower frequencies. Linear probes with frequencies between 5 and 20 MHz are mainly used for musculoskeletal ultrasound. Image quality and resolution have improved significantly. Tissue harmonic imaging and cross-beam technology aid in differentiating between anatomical structures, although borders appear artificially thickened. Three-dimensional ultrasound provides additional coronary planes, and contrast agents increase the sensitivity for synovial blood flow in inflamed joints. This chapter provides further information regarding which ultrasound technology is the best for purchase by a rheumatology unit, how to organize ultrasound clinics, and how best to perform ultrasonography in daily practice, including the most important indications for ultrasound in rheumatology.
换能器产生超声波并将其发射到体内。组织内部或组织之间的边界会反射这些波,然后换能器接收反射波。计算机将这些信息转换为显示在监视器上的图像。频率越高,图像分辨率越高;频率越低,穿透性越强。频率在5至20兆赫兹之间的线性探头主要用于肌肉骨骼超声检查。图像质量和分辨率有了显著提高。组织谐波成像和交叉波束技术有助于区分解剖结构,尽管边界看起来会人为变厚。三维超声提供了额外的冠状面图像,造影剂可提高对炎症关节滑膜血流的敏感性。本章提供了更多信息,涉及哪种超声技术最适合风湿病科购买、如何组织超声门诊以及在日常实践中如何最好地进行超声检查,包括风湿病中超声检查的最重要适应症。