Schmidt Wolfgang A
Medical Centre for Rheumatology Berlin-Buch, Karower Str. 11, 13125 Berlin, Germany.
Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2004 Dec;18(6):827-46. doi: 10.1016/j.berh.2004.05.003.
The importance of ultrasonography in rheumatology has increased dramatically within the last few years both with regard to clinical practice and to research. High-resolution colour Doppler ultrasound equipment is, to date, widely available. Colour and power Doppler studies of intra-articular and peritendinous blood flow allow an estimation of the inflammatory activity and aid in distinguishing anatomical structures. Contrast agent increases the ability of ultrasonography to detect even minor perfusion. These findings have a practical clinical impact on the management of inflammatory rheumatic diseases. The resolution of ultrasonography is superior to that of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) with regard to superficial anatomical structures. Furthermore, ultrasonography can depict the artery wall in contrast to angiography. In temporal arteritis and Takayasu's arteritis, ultrasonography depicts characteristic, homogenous wall thickening, stenoses and acute occlusions. These pathologies resolve quickly with treatment in the temporal arteries and much more slowly in larger arteries.
在过去几年中，超声检查在风湿病学中的重要性在临床实践和研究方面都有了显著提高。迄今为止，高分辨率彩色多普勒超声设备已广泛可用。对关节内和肌腱周围血流进行彩色和能量多普勒研究，可以评估炎症活动，并有助于区分解剖结构。造影剂提高了超声检查检测微小灌注的能力。这些发现对炎性风湿性疾病的管理具有实际临床意义。在浅表解剖结构方面，超声检查的分辨率优于磁共振成像（MRI）和计算机断层扫描（CT）。此外，与血管造影不同，超声检查可以描绘动脉壁。在颞动脉炎和大动脉炎中，超声检查可显示特征性的、均匀的管壁增厚、狭窄和急性闭塞。这些病变在颞动脉中经治疗后消退迅速，而在大动脉中消退则慢得多。
