Hawton Keith, Bergen Helen, Casey Deborah, Simkin Sue
Centre for Suicide Research, University Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, Oxford OX3 7JX, UK.
Br J Psychiatry. 2008 Dec;193(6):503-4. doi: 10.1192/bjp.bp.107.048561.
Suicide by hanging and self-strangulation ('hanging') has become more common. We studied people who presented to hospital during a 28-year study period after using these methods for non-fatal self-harm. Hanging increased greatly in frequency during this time. The male:female ratio was nearly 3:1. Females were distinguished from males by far higher rates of psychiatric care, personality disorder and previous self-harm. Compared with matched individuals who presented with non-fatal self-poisoning, more of those who used hanging had high suicidal intent, fewer used alcohol in association with the act, and more subsequently died by suicide. They represent an important subgroup of those who self-harm, who require especially careful assessment and follow-up.
通过上吊和自我勒颈（“上吊”）自杀的情况变得更加普遍。我们研究了在28年的研究期间，使用这些方法进行非致命性自我伤害后到医院就诊的人群。在此期间，上吊的频率大幅增加。男女比例接近3:1。女性在接受精神科护理、患人格障碍和有既往自我伤害史方面的比例远高于男性，以此与男性区分开来。与因非致命性中毒就诊的匹配个体相比，更多使用上吊方法的人有很高的自杀意图，更少在实施该行为时饮酒，且更多随后死于自杀。他们代表了自我伤害人群中的一个重要亚组，需要特别仔细的评估和随访。
