Munk M E, Kaufmann S H
Department of Immunology, Ulm University, Germany.
Behring Inst Mitt. 1991 Feb(88):27-35.
Mycobacteria are worldwide spread and satisfactory vaccines against pathogenic species have not been developed, yet. Mycobacteria, inside phagocytic cells, are able to escape humoral attack and maintain viability for long periods of time. T cells are engaged in the activation and regulation of macrophages and subsequently, in the control of mycobacterial growth. It appears that different T cell sets including CD4 alpha/beta T cells, CD8 alpha/beta T cells and gamma/delta T cells are involved in antimycobacterial immunity. Both, phagocyte and microorganism synthesize heat shock proteins in order to facilitate their survival. HSP possesses potent immunogenicity, a high degree of homology among different species and hence may play an important role in resistance against and pathogenesis of mycobacterial infections.
分枝杆菌在全球范围内广泛传播，然而针对致病菌种的理想疫苗尚未研发出来。在吞噬细胞内，分枝杆菌能够逃避体液攻击并长时间保持活力。T细胞参与巨噬细胞的激活和调节，进而控制分枝杆菌的生长。似乎不同的T细胞亚群，包括CD4α/βT细胞、CD8α/βT细胞和γ/δT细胞都参与了抗分枝杆菌免疫。吞噬细胞和微生物都会合成热休克蛋白以促进自身存活。热休克蛋白具有强大的免疫原性，在不同物种间具有高度同源性，因此可能在分枝杆菌感染的抵抗和发病机制中发挥重要作用。
