Fonseca Helena, Matos Margarida G, Guerra António, Pedro J Gomes
Department of Paediatrics, Hospital de Santa Maria, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal.
Int J Pediatr Obes. 2009;4(3):166-74. doi: 10.1080/17477160802464495.
To identify psychosocial and lifestyle indicators including alcohol consumption, that may distinguish overweight and obese adolescents from their peers, and align them with other adolescents with chronic conditions.
The sample included 6 131 6th, 8th, and 10th grade public school Portuguese students, aged 11-16 years, who participated in the Health Behavior in School-Aged Children (HBSC)/WHO survey of adolescent health. Body mass index (BMI) was based on self reported weight and height. Separate analyses of psychosocial and behavioral variables were conducted by gender, age group, and BMI, using Chi square, and ANOVA.
Obese and overweight teens when compared with non-overweight teens, were more likely to report a negative attitude towards their appearance; to believe that others made negative comments about them; had a lower level of life satisfaction; had more difficulty in making new friends, and were more likely to describe themselves as unhappy. Moreover, obese teens were significantly more likely than their non-obese peers to describe themselves as having health problems, to report drinking alcohol daily, as well as having been drunk more than 10 times.
The present study provides further evidence regarding the association between overweight and obesity in adolescence, and body image dissatisfaction, poorer self-assessed health status, potential social isolation, decreased life satisfaction, and problematic alcohol consumption patterns. Overweight and obese adolescents should, where possible, be reached with appropriate interventions addressing the broad spectrum of their psychological needs, enhancing their skill development for behavioral change, and providing support for dealing with potentially harmful behaviors.
确定包括饮酒在内的社会心理和生活方式指标，这些指标可能区分超重和肥胖青少年与他们的同龄人，并将他们与其他患有慢性病的青少年进行对比。
样本包括6131名11 - 16岁的葡萄牙公立学校6年级、8年级和10年级学生，他们参与了学龄儿童健康行为（HBSC）/世界卫生组织青少年健康调查。体重指数（BMI）基于自我报告的体重和身高。使用卡方检验和方差分析，按性别、年龄组和BMI对社会心理和行为变量进行单独分析。
与非超重青少年相比，肥胖和超重青少年更有可能报告对自己外表的消极态度；认为他人对自己有负面评价；生活满意度较低；结交新朋友更困难，并且更有可能将自己描述为不快乐。此外，肥胖青少年比非肥胖同龄人更有可能将自己描述为有健康问题，报告每天饮酒，以及醉酒超过10次。
本研究为青春期超重和肥胖与身体形象不满、自我评估健康状况较差、潜在的社会隔离、生活满意度下降以及有问题的饮酒模式之间的关联提供了进一步证据。超重和肥胖青少年应尽可能接受适当干预，满足他们广泛的心理需求，增强他们行为改变的技能发展，并为应对潜在有害行为提供支持。
