克服T细胞介导的免疫病理学以实现安全的呼吸道合胞病毒疫苗接种。
Overcoming T cell-mediated immunopathology to achieve safe RSV vaccination.
作者信息
Castilow Elaine M, Varga Steven M
机构信息
Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Immunology, 51 Newton Road, 3-532 Bowen Science Building, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242.
出版信息
Future Virol. 2008;3(5):445-454. doi: 10.2217/17460794.3.5.445.
Abstract
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of lower respiratory tract disease in young children. Premature infants, immunocompromised individuals, and the elderly exhibit an increased risk for the development of severe disease after RSV infection. Currently, there is not a safe and effective RSV vaccine available, in part due to our incomplete understanding of how severe immunopathology was induced following RSV infection of children previously immunized with a formalin-inactivated RSV vaccine. Much of our current understanding of RSV vaccine-enhanced disease can be attributed to the establishment of multiple mouse models of RSV vaccination. Studies analyzing the RSV-specific immune response in mice have clearly demonstrated that both CD4 and CD8 memory T cells contribute to RSV-induced immunopathology. In this review we will focus our discussion on data generated from the mouse models of RSV immunization that have advanced our understanding of how virus-specific T cells mediate immunopathology and RSV vaccine-enhanced disease.
摘要
呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）是幼儿下呼吸道疾病的主要病因。早产儿、免疫功能低下者和老年人在感染RSV后发生严重疾病的风险增加。目前，尚无安全有效的RSV疫苗，部分原因是我们对先前用福尔马林灭活RSV疫苗免疫的儿童在感染RSV后如何诱发严重免疫病理学的认识不完整。我们目前对RSV疫苗增强疾病的许多理解都归功于多种RSV疫苗接种小鼠模型的建立。分析小鼠中RSV特异性免疫反应的研究清楚地表明，CD4和CD8记忆T细胞均参与RSV诱导的免疫病理学过程。在本综述中，我们将重点讨论从RSV免疫小鼠模型中获得的数据，这些数据加深了我们对病毒特异性T细胞如何介导免疫病理学和RSV疫苗增强疾病的理解。
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