Cordo-Russo R, Garcia M G, Barrientos G, Orsal A S, Viola M, Moschansky P, Ringel F, Passi A, Alaniz L, Hajos S, Blois S M
University Medicine Berlin, Charité Centrum 12 Internal Medicine and Dermatology, Biomedical Research Building, Campus Virchow, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
Placenta. 2009 Jan;30(1):88-95. doi: 10.1016/j.placenta.2008.10.013. Epub 2008 Dec 6.
The remodelling of the endometrial architecture is fundamental to create a suitable environment for the establishment of pregnancy. During this process, substantial alterations in the composition of maternal extracellular matrix play an important role by providing a prosperous medium for implantation as well as modulating trophoblast invasion leading to the formation of a functional placental unit. Hyaluronan is a conspicuous component of the extracellular matrix, particularly in remodelling tissues undergoing regeneration and repair. During gestation, changes in HA deposition and distribution indicate that this molecule may participate in preparation of the endometrial stroma for reception and implantation of the embryo. However, little is known about the role of hyaluronan at the fetomaternal interface, specially regarding its influence in pregnancy outcome. In the present study we show increased decidual hyaluronan levels in spontaneous abortion compared with normal pregnancy mice on gestation day 7.5. Both in normal and pathologic pregnancies, high molecular size hyaluronan was found at the fetomaternal unit. However, hyaluronan metabolism (which results from the activity of hyaluronan synthases and hyaluronidases) seems to be altered in spontaneous abortion as shown by a decrease in Hyal-3 expression as well as by differences in hyaluronan molecular size spectrum. This alteration in hyaluronan metabolism in spontaneous abortion could explain its increased concentration observed in decidua and the abnormal distribution of hyaluronan around the embryo implantation crypt. Thus, increased decidual hyaluronan levels resulting from abnormal deposition and turn over may contribute to the pathogenesis of pregnancy failure.
子宫内膜结构重塑对于为妊娠建立适宜环境至关重要。在此过程中，母体细胞外基质成分的显著改变起着重要作用，它为着床提供了有利介质，并调节滋养层细胞侵入，从而形成功能性胎盘单位。透明质酸是细胞外基质的显著成分，尤其是在经历再生和修复的重塑组织中。在妊娠期间，透明质酸沉积和分布的变化表明该分子可能参与子宫内膜基质为胚胎着床做准备的过程。然而，关于透明质酸在母胎界面的作用，特别是其对妊娠结局的影响，人们了解甚少。在本研究中，我们发现与妊娠第7.5天的正常妊娠小鼠相比，自然流产小鼠蜕膜中的透明质酸水平升高。在正常和病理妊娠中，均在母胎单位发现高分子量透明质酸。然而，透明质酸代谢（由透明质酸合成酶和透明质酸酶的活性导致）在自然流产中似乎发生了改变，这表现为Hyal - 3表达降低以及透明质酸分子大小谱的差异。自然流产中透明质酸代谢的这种改变可以解释在蜕膜中观察到的其浓度增加以及透明质酸在胚胎着床隐窝周围的异常分布。因此，由异常沉积和周转导致的蜕膜透明质酸水平升高可能有助于妊娠失败的发病机制。
