Samoylenko Volodymyr, Dunbar D Chuck, Gafur Md Abdul, Khan Shabana I, Ross Samir A, Mossa Jaber S, El-Feraly Farouk S, Tekwani Babu L, Bosselaers Jan, Muhammad Ilias
National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA.
Phytother Res. 2008 Dec;22(12):1570-6. doi: 10.1002/ptr.2460.
A bioassay-guided fractionation of Juniperus procera berries yielded antiparasitic, nematicidal and antifouling constituents, including a wide range of known abietane, pimarane and labdane diterpenes. Among these, abieta-7,13-diene (1) demonstrated in vitro antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum D6 and W2 strains (IC(50) = 1.9 and 2.0 microg/mL, respectively), while totarol (6), ferruginol (7) and 7beta-hydroxyabieta-8,13-diene-11,12-dione (8) inhibited Leishmania donovani promastigotes with IC(50) values of 3.5-4.6 microg/mL. In addition, totarol demonstrated nematicidal and antifouling activities against Caenorhabditis elegans and Artemia salina at a concentration of 80 microg/mL and 1 microg/mL, respectively. The resinous exudate of J. virginiana afforded known antibacterial E-communic acid (4) and 4-epi-abietic acid (5), while the volatile oil from its trunk wood revealed large quantities of cedrol (9). Using GC/MS, the two known abietanes totarol (6) and ferruginol (7) were identified from the berries of J. procera, J. excelsa and J. phoenicea.
对刺柏浆果进行生物测定导向的分级分离得到了抗寄生虫、杀线虫和防污成分，包括多种已知的枞酸型、海松酸型和半日花烷型二萜。其中，枞-7,13-二烯（1）对恶性疟原虫D6和W2菌株表现出体外抗疟活性（IC(50)分别为1.9和2.0微克/毫升），而托酚酮（6）、铁锈醇（7）和7β-羟基枞-8,13-二烯-11,12-二酮（8）对杜氏利什曼原虫前鞭毛体有抑制作用，IC(50)值为3.5 - 4.6微克/毫升。此外，托酚酮分别在浓度为80微克/毫升和1微克/毫升时对秀丽隐杆线虫和卤虫表现出杀线虫和防污活性。弗吉尼亚刺柏的树脂渗出物含有已知的抗菌物质E-Communic酸（4）和4-表枞酸（5），而其树干木材的挥发油中含有大量的雪松醇（9）。通过气相色谱/质谱联用，从刺柏、卓越刺柏和腓尼基刺柏的浆果中鉴定出了两种已知的枞酸型化合物托酚酮（6）和铁锈醇（7）。
