Cholesterol synthesis in central nervous system of rat is affected by simvastatin as well as by atorvastatin.

OBJECTIVE

There is evidence to suppose that cholesterol-lowering drugs such as statins might confer protection against dementia, probably via modulation of cholesterol synthesis in the brain. The aim of the present study was to investigate possible influence of two lipophilic statins (simvastatin and atorvastatin) on cholesterol synthesis in selected parts of rat central nervous system (CNS).

METHODS

Three groups of rats were orally treated with simvastatin (10 mg/kg b.wt.), atorvastatin (10 mg/kg b.wt.) or vehicle (aqua) for 9 days. At the end of experiment, brains (for basal ganglia, frontal cortex and hippocampus) and spinal cord were isolated and cholesterol synthesis was determined using the incorporation of deuterium from deuterated water. ANOVA with Fisher's LSD Multiple-Comparison Test and Kruskal-Wallis test were applied for statistical evaluation. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

RESULTS

Significant reductions of cholesterol synthesis rate were detected in both experimental groups (vs. controls) in all studied localisations. Both drugs elicited comparable effects on cholesterol synthesis rate irrespective of the examined tissue.

CONCLUSIONS

This study brings additional evidence of the role of statins in the CNS cholesterol synthesis. The finding that both statins were able to lower braincholesterol synthesis without altering plasma cholesterol supports the idea of their local action inthe brain. For comparison of the effects of statins in the spinal cord and selected parts of brain, the deuterium technique was utilised for the first time.