Stumpf Barbara P, Carneiro-Proietti Anna Bárbara, Proietti Fernando A, Rocha Fábio L
Institute of Social Security of the Civil Servants of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
Int J Psychiatry Med. 2008;38(3):345-55. doi: 10.2190/PM.38.3.i.
Viral infections have been previously associated with psychiatric disorders. This work aimed to study the relationship between the human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) and depression.
A case-control study with prevalent cases was conducted from April 2004 to June 2005. Participants were from a public transfusion center in Belo Horizonte, Brazil. The base population was composed of blood donor candidates infected with HTLV-1 (asymptomatic carriers), followed-up in a cohort study. As a control group, HTLV-1 seronegative blood donors were selected in a random fashion. Study participants underwent psychiatric evaluation using a structured diagnostic instrument, the Mini International Neuropsychiatry Interview (MINI), to estimate the rate of depression. The interviewer was unaware of participants' HTLV-1 serostatus. The co-variables studied were gender, age, formal education, personal income, and the presence of other psychiatric diagnoses. Logistic regression was used to examine the relation between HTLV-1 infection and depression.
The final sample was composed of 74 individuals infected with HTLV-1 and 24 uninfected controls. The rate of depression was significantly higher in HTLV-1 carriers when compared with controls (39% vs. 8%; p-value = 0.005). HTLV-1 infection was independently associated with depression (OR = 6.17; CI 95% = 1.32-28.82).
The results showed a higher rate of depression in HTLV-1 infected individuals. It was not possible to determine whether depression was related to knowledge of chronic retroviral infection or related to a biological effect of the retroviral infection.
病毒感染先前已被认为与精神障碍有关。本研究旨在探讨1型人类嗜T细胞病毒（HTLV-1）与抑郁症之间的关系。
于2004年4月至2005年6月进行了一项现患病例的病例对照研究。研究对象来自巴西贝洛奥里藏特的一个公共输血中心。基础人群由感染HTLV-1的献血候选者（无症状携带者）组成，这些人在一项队列研究中接受随访。作为对照组，随机选择HTLV-1血清学阴性的献血者。研究参与者使用结构化诊断工具——迷你国际神经精神病学访谈（MINI）进行精神评估，以估计抑郁症的发生率。访谈者不知道参与者的HTLV-1血清学状态。所研究的协变量包括性别、年龄、正规教育程度、个人收入以及是否存在其他精神疾病诊断。采用逻辑回归分析来检验HTLV-1感染与抑郁症之间的关系。
最终样本由74例HTLV-1感染者和24例未感染者组成。与对照组相比，HTLV-1携带者的抑郁症发生率显著更高（39%对8%；p值 = 0.005）。HTLV-1感染与抑郁症独立相关（比值比 = 6.17；95%置信区间 = 1.32 - 28.82）。
结果显示HTLV-1感染者的抑郁症发生率更高。无法确定抑郁症是与慢性逆转录病毒感染的知晓情况有关，还是与逆转录病毒感染的生物学效应有关。
