Electroporation and conjugal plasmid transfer to members of the genus Aquaspirillum.

Electroporation methods and conjugal matings were used to transfer several plasmid vectors to Aquaspirillum dispar and Aquaspirillum itersonii. The incompatibility P class plasmid RP4 was conjugally transferred from Escherichia coli HB101 to these spirilla, and the transconjugants subsequently donated the molecule to plasmid-free E. coli and A. dispar strains via conjugal matings. High-voltage electrotransformation was used to transfer plasmids pUCD2, pSa151 and RP4 to A. dispar and A. itersonii, at efficiencies as high as 3 x 10(4) transformants per micrograms plasmid DNA. RP4 DNA isolated from spirillum hosts, but not RP4 from E. coli cells was successfully transferred to A. dispar and A. itersonii by electrotransformation, suggesting that modification and/or restriction activity may be present in these Aquaspirillum species.