Genescà M, Skinner P J, Bost K M, Lu D, Wang Y, Rourke T L, Haase A T, McChesney M B, Miller C J
Center for Comparative Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA.
Mucosal Immunol. 2008 May;1(3):219-28. doi: 10.1038/mi.2008.6. Epub 2008 Mar 5.
Live attenuated lentivirus immunization is the only vaccine strategy that elicits consistent protection against intravaginal challenge with pathogenic simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). To determine the mechanism of protection in rhesus monkeys infected with attenuated simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV)89.6, a detailed analysis of SIV Gag-specific T-cell responses in several tissues including the genital tract was performed. Six months after SHIV infection, antiviral T-cell responses were rare in the cervix; however, polyfunctional, cytokine-secreting, and degranulating SIV Gag-specific CD4(+) T cells were consistently found in the vagina of the immunized macaques. SIV-specific CD8(+) T cells were also detected in the vagina, blood, and genital lymph nodes of most of the animals. Thus, an attenuated SHIV vaccine induces persistent antiviral T cells in tissues, including the vagina, where these effector T-cell responses may mediate the consistent protection from vaginal SIV challenge observed in this model.
减毒活慢病毒免疫是唯一能对致病性猿猴免疫缺陷病毒（SIV）经阴道攻击引发持续保护作用的疫苗策略。为确定感染减毒猿猴-人类免疫缺陷病毒（SHIV）89.6的恒河猴的保护机制，对包括生殖道在内的多个组织中的SIV Gag特异性T细胞反应进行了详细分析。SHIV感染6个月后，子宫颈中抗病毒T细胞反应罕见；然而，在免疫猕猴的阴道中始终能发现多功能、分泌细胞因子和脱颗粒的SIV Gag特异性CD4(+) T细胞。大多数动物的阴道、血液和生殖淋巴结中也检测到了SIV特异性CD8(+) T细胞。因此，减毒SHIV疫苗可在包括阴道在内的组织中诱导产生持续的抗病毒T细胞，在该模型中，这些效应T细胞反应可能介导了对阴道SIV攻击的持续保护作用。
