Wissinger E L, Saldana J, Didierlaurent A, Hussell T
Imperial College London, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, London, UK.
Mucosal Immunol. 2008 Jul;1(4):265-78. doi: 10.1038/mi.2008.16. Epub 2008 May 7.
Inflammatory lung disease to innocuous antigens or infectious pathogens is a common occurrence and in some cases, life threatening. Often, the inflammatory infiltrate that accompanies these events contributes to pathology by deleterious effects on otherwise healthy tissue and by compromising lung function by consolidating (blocking) the airspaces. A fine balance, therefore, exists between a lung immune response and immune-mediated damage, and in some the "threshold of ignorance" may be set too low. In most cases, the contributing, potentially offending, cell population or immune pathway is known, as are factors that regulate them. Why then are targeted therapeutic strategies to manipulate them not more commonplace in clinical medicine? This review highlights immune homeostasis in the lung, how and why this is lost during acute lung infection, and strategies showing promise as future immune therapeutics.
肺部对无害抗原或感染性病原体产生炎症性疾病是常见现象，在某些情况下甚至会危及生命。通常，伴随这些情况出现的炎性浸润会对原本健康的组织产生有害影响，并通过使气腔实变（堵塞）来损害肺功能，从而导致病理变化。因此，肺部免疫反应与免疫介导的损伤之间存在着微妙的平衡，在某些情况下，“免疫忽视阈值”可能设定得过低。在大多数情况下，起作用的、潜在致病的细胞群体或免疫途径是已知的，调节它们的因素也是如此。那么，为什么针对它们的靶向治疗策略在临床医学中并不常见呢？这篇综述重点介绍了肺部的免疫稳态、在急性肺部感染期间免疫稳态如何以及为何丧失，以及有望成为未来免疫治疗手段的策略。
