Maloy K J, Kullberg M C
Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Mucosal Immunol. 2008 Sep;1(5):339-49. doi: 10.1038/mi.2008.28. Epub 2008 Jul 2.
The discovery of the Th1/Th2 paradigm of CD4(+) T-cell subsets redefined our understanding of immunity by highlighting the essential roles of cytokine networks in the induction and regulation of immune responses. Most recently, the identification of an additional subset, known as Th17 cells, has further illustrated the complexity and diversity of effector CD4(+) T cells. Th17 responses have been closely associated with the cytokine interleukin (IL)-23 and, although originally pinpointed as having a deleterious role in autoimmune tissue pathology, the IL-23/Th17 axis has also been associated with protective immunity at mucosal surfaces. Recent progress has highlighted the heterogeneous nature of Th17 responses, has demonstrated diverse cellular sources for Th17-associated cytokines, and has begun to dissect the individual roles of these cytokines in different disease processes. Here, we will review the evidence linking the IL-23/Th17 axis to chronic intestinal inflammation and also will discuss its beneficial roles in intestinal protection and homeostasis.
CD4(+) T细胞亚群的Th1/Th2模式的发现，通过强调细胞因子网络在免疫反应诱导和调节中的重要作用，重新定义了我们对免疫的理解。最近，另一个被称为Th17细胞的亚群的鉴定，进一步说明了效应CD4(+) T细胞的复杂性和多样性。Th17反应与细胞因子白细胞介素（IL）-23密切相关，尽管最初被认为在自身免疫性组织病理学中起有害作用，但IL-23/Th17轴也与黏膜表面的保护性免疫有关。最近的进展突出了Th17反应的异质性，证明了Th17相关细胞因子的多种细胞来源，并开始剖析这些细胞因子在不同疾病过程中的各自作用。在这里，我们将回顾将IL-23/Th17轴与慢性肠道炎症联系起来的证据，并讨论其在肠道保护和稳态中的有益作用。
