Krause Niklas, Brand Richard J, Kauhanen Jussi, Kaplan George A, Syme S Leonard, Wong Candice C, Salonen Jukka T
University of California, San Francisco, UC Berkeley Richmond Field Station, 1301 South 46th St, Bldg 163, Richmond, CA 94804, USA.
Prev Chronic Dis. 2009 Jan;6(1):A13. Epub 2008 Dec 15.
Studies of the relationship between work time and health have been inconclusive. Consequently, we sought to examine the effect of work time on progression of atherosclerosis.
This prospective study of 621 middle-aged Finnish men evaluated effects of baseline and repeat measures of work time on 11-year progression of ultrasonographically assessed carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and interactions with cardiovascular disease. Multiple linear regression models adjusted for 21 biological, behavioral, and psychosocial risk factors
Working 3 (minimum), 5 (medium), or 7 (maximum) days per week at baseline was associated with 23%, 31%, and 40% 11-year increases in IMT, respectively. The relative change ratio (RCR) at maximum vs minimum was 1.14 for baseline days worked per week and 1.10 for hours worked per year of follow-up. Significant interactions existed between cardiovascular disease and work time. Men with ischemic heart disease (IHD) who worked the maximum of 14.5 hours per day experienced a 69% increase in IMT compared with a 29% increase in men without IHD. The RCR ratio for IHD (RCRIHD/RCRno IHD) was 1.44 for hours per day. Similarly, the RCR ratio for baseline carotid artery stenosis was 1.29 for hours per day and 1.22 for hours per year.
Increases in work time are positively associated with progression of carotid atherosclerosis in middle-aged men, especially in those with preexisting cardiovascular disease. Our findings are consistent with the hemodynamic theory of atherosclerosis.
关于工作时间与健康之间关系的研究尚无定论。因此，我们试图研究工作时间对动脉粥样硬化进展的影响。
这项对621名芬兰中年男性的前瞻性研究评估了工作时间的基线测量值和重复测量值对超声评估的颈动脉内膜中层厚度（IMT）11年进展情况的影响以及与心血管疾病的相互作用。多元线性回归模型对21种生物学、行为学和社会心理风险因素进行了校正。
基线时每周工作3天（最少）、5天（中等）或7天（最多）分别与IMT 11年增加23%、31%和40%相关。每周工作天数最多与最少时的相对变化率（RCR），基线时为1.14，随访期间每年工作小时数的RCR为1.10。心血管疾病与工作时间之间存在显著的相互作用。患有缺血性心脏病（IHD）且每天工作最多达14.5小时的男性，其IMT增加了69%，而无IHD的男性增加了29%。每天工作小时数的IHD相对变化率比值（RCRIHD/RCR无IHD）为1.44。同样，每天工作小时数的基线颈动脉狭窄相对变化率比值为1.29，每年工作小时数的比值为1.22。
工作时间的增加与中年男性颈动脉粥样硬化的进展呈正相关，尤其是在那些已有心血管疾病的男性中。我们的研究结果与动脉粥样硬化的血流动力学理论一致。
