Glaus Tony M, Martin Mike, Boller Manuel, Stafford Johnson Mike, Kutter Annette, Flückiger Mark, Tofeig Magdi
Divisions of Cardiology, Department of Small Animals, Leicester, United Kingdom.
J Vet Cardiol. 2003 May;5(1):7-12. doi: 10.1016/S1760-2734(06)70039-X.
: Catheter closure of patent ductus arteriosus Botalli (PDA) is increasingly replacing traditional surgical ligation via thoracotomy. A variety of techniques have been described in dogs, although the technique and implant chosen may depend on the minimum ductus diameter.
: To evaluate the feasibility and treatment of choice of catheter closure of large and small PDAs in dogs.
: In 16 dogs with a PDA, catheter closure was performed using transarterial embolisation using detachable or free coils, or transvenously using an Amplatzer, duct occluder (ADO).
: In 8 dogs, closure of PDA with a minimum diameter of < 4 mm was achieved using detachable coils; 2 or more coils were required in 3 dogs. In 5 dogs with minimum ductus diameters of > 4 mm, detachable coils were not applicable. In one of these dogs, (incomplete) surgical ligation was performed and later a free coil placed for complete closure. In 2 dogs with moderately large PDA (5 mm), several free coils were implanted. Complete closure was not achieved in either dog and transient haemolysis occurred as a complication. In 2 dogs with a very large PDA (6 mm), implanted free coils embolised to pulmonary arteries and closure was then achieved using an ADO. In 3 dogs with an excessively large PDA (7.5-10 mm) closure was successfully achieved using an ADO with no complications.
: Coil embolisation is readily feasible for closure of PDA < 4 mm, less feasible for PDA < 5 mm and unlikely to be feasible to close PDA > 5 mm. Detachable coils are safe for PDA < 4 mm, and the ADO is an excellent device for PDA > 5 mm.
