Fassino Secondo, Amianto Federico, Gastaldi Filippo, Abbate-Daga Giovanni, Brambilla Francesca, Leombruni Paolo
Neurosciences Department, Psychiatry Section, University of Torino School of Medicine, Health Territorial District 3, Turin, Italy.
Psychiatry Res. 2009 Jan 30;165(1-2):128-36. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2007.10.010. Epub 2008 Dec 10.
Family environment is a pathogenic factor of borderline personality disorder (BPD). However, the personality traits of patients with BPD and their parents have never been assessed using the same instrument and then examined for relationships. In the present study, we explored the temperament and character traits of BPD patients and their parents to investigate possible interactions. In total, 56 patients with BPD and their parents were evaluated with the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) and compared with 53 control families. Discriminant and correlation analyses indicated that subjects with BPD displayed higher levels of novelty seeking, harm avoidance, and self-transcendence and lower levels of self-directedness than control subjects. Their fathers displayed higher levels of novelty seeking and lower levels of persistence and self-directedness, and their mothers displayed lower levels of self-directedness compared with levels in control parents. In BPD families, temperament and character traits displayed high levels of discriminatory power. Novelty seeking in offspring with borderline personality disorder was significantly correlated with their mothers' novelty seeking and their fathers' self-transcendence. Self-directedness in borderline offspring was significantly correlated with both their mothers' and fathers' novelty seeking, and their self-transcendence was significantly correlated with their mothers' novelty seeking and harm avoidance. The different correlational pattern for borderline and control families is discussed. Characteristic personality patterns were found in BPD offspring and in both parents. The relationship between personality traits of borderline offspring and those of their parents may be related to both genetic transmission and family dynamics. Ramifications for treatment are discussed.
家庭环境是边缘型人格障碍（BPD）的一个致病因素。然而，从未使用相同的工具评估过BPD患者及其父母的人格特质，然后再研究它们之间的关系。在本研究中，我们探究了BPD患者及其父母的气质和性格特质，以调查可能存在的相互作用。总共56名BPD患者及其父母接受了气质和性格量表（TCI）评估，并与53个对照家庭进行了比较。判别分析和相关分析表明，与对照对象相比，BPD患者在寻求新奇、避免伤害和自我超越方面得分较高，而在自我导向方面得分较低。与对照父母相比，他们的父亲在寻求新奇方面得分较高，而在坚持性和自我导向方面得分较低，他们的母亲在自我导向方面得分较低。在BPD家庭中，气质和性格特质具有较高的判别能力。边缘型人格障碍后代的寻求新奇与他们母亲的寻求新奇以及父亲的自我超越显著相关。边缘型后代的自我导向与他们父母双方的寻求新奇显著相关，并且他们的自我超越与他们母亲的寻求新奇和避免伤害显著相关。文中讨论了边缘型家庭与对照家庭不同的相关模式。在BPD后代及其父母中均发现了特征性的人格模式。边缘型后代与其父母人格特质之间的关系可能与基因传递和家庭动态都有关。文中还讨论了对治疗的影响。
