Wuchert Florian, Ott Daniela, Rafalzik Sandra, Roth Joachim, Gerstberger Rüdiger
Institute for Veterinary -Physiology, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Frankfurter Strasse 100, D-35392 Giessen, Germany.
J Neuroimmunol. 2009 Jan 3;206(1-2):44-51. doi: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2008.10.010. Epub 2008 Dec 10.
The area postrema (AP) represents the medullary sensory circumventricular organ lacking endothelial blood-brain barrier function at the base of the 4th cerebral ventricle. Administration of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) or the nitric oxide (NO) donor diethylamino-diazenolate-2-oxide (DEA) caused fast transient rises in intracellular calcium concentrations ([Ca(2+)]i) in distinct populations of cells investigated in a primary microculture of the rat AP. TNF-alpha caused rapid elevations of [Ca(2+)]i in 8% of all neurons and astrocytes investigated, with limited responses of microglial cells and no responses of oligodendrocytes. 15% of all neurons investigated responded to IL-1beta, while only 5-7% of the other cell types showed rises in [Ca(2+)]i. The most pronounced effects were caused by treatment with DEA with some 20% responsive astrocytes and oligodendrocytes, 15% neurons and 10% microglial cells. Evidently, the AP can act as a sensor for circulating TNF-alpha and IL-1beta, or for locally produced cytokines and NO during infection and inflammation.
最后区（AP）是位于第四脑室底部的髓质感觉室周器官，缺乏内皮血脑屏障功能。在大鼠AP原代微培养中研究的不同细胞群中，给予肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）或一氧化氮（NO）供体二乙氨基二氮烯醇-2-氧化物（DEA）会导致细胞内钙浓度（[Ca(2+)]i）快速短暂升高。TNF-α导致所研究的所有神经元和星形胶质细胞中有8%的细胞内[Ca(2+)]i迅速升高，小胶质细胞反应有限，少突胶质细胞无反应。所研究的所有神经元中有15%对IL-1β有反应，而其他细胞类型中只有5-7%的细胞内[Ca(2+)]i升高。DEA处理产生的影响最为显著，约20%的星形胶质细胞和少突胶质细胞、15%的神经元和10%的小胶质细胞有反应。显然，在感染和炎症期间，最后区可作为循环中的TNF-α和IL-1β或局部产生的细胞因子和NO的感受器。
