Oliveira Claudia Di Lorenzo, Morais Maria Helena Franco, Machado-Coelho George Luiz Lins
Fundação Hemominas, Belo Horizonte, Brasil.
Cad Saude Publica. 2008 Dec;24(12):2953-8. doi: 10.1590/s0102-311x2008001200026.
The objectives of this article were to discuss the rapid spread of visceral leishmaniasis in urban areas of Brazil and to raise practical questions and perspectives related to control of the disease. Among the proposed methods, the elimination of seropositive dogs is the most controversial and least accepted by society. Its impact on incidence rates varies among studies (positive in some and relatively unimportant in others). Treatment of infected dogs, although widespread in veterinary practice, is based on studies with weak scientific evidence. Insecticide spraying of areas is more acceptable to the population, but is costly and operationally difficult. Intra and inter-urban factors have scarcely been studied and may affect control of the disease. Finally, the article discusses the use of deltamethrin-impregnated dog collars and vaccines, with high expectations for impact on disease transmission, although no product currently available on the market has been fully evaluated, so that further studies are required.
本文的目的是讨论内脏利什曼病在巴西城市地区的迅速传播，并提出与该疾病控制相关的实际问题和观点。在所提出的方法中，消灭血清学阳性犬是最具争议且最不为社会所接受的。其对发病率的影响在不同研究中有所不同（在一些研究中呈阳性，而在另一些研究中相对不重要）。对感染犬的治疗虽然在兽医实践中广泛应用，但其依据的研究科学证据薄弱。对区域进行杀虫剂喷洒更容易为民众所接受，但成本高昂且操作困难。城市内部和城市间的因素几乎未被研究，可能会影响疾病的控制。最后，本文讨论了使用含溴氰菊酯的犬项圈和疫苗，人们对其对疾病传播的影响寄予厚望，尽管目前市场上尚无产品经过全面评估，因此还需要进一步研究。
