Manoogian Sarah J, McNally Craig, Stitzel Joel D, Duma Stefan M
Virginia Tech-Wake Forest Center for Injury Biomechanics, VA, USA.
Stapp Car Crash J. 2008 Nov;52:167-85. doi: 10.4271/2008-22-0007.
Automobile crashes are the largest single cause of death for pregnant females and the leading cause of traumatic fetal injury mortality in the United States. Current research for pregnant occupant safety utilizing computational models is limited by available pregnant tissue data. The purpose of this study is to collect experimental data from biaxial tissue tests on pregnant uterine tissue at a dynamic rate. Experimental tests were completed on pregnant porcine uterus which was chosen as a surrogate for the human pregnant uterus given its similarity and availability. Biaxial dynamic tensile tests were performed using a custom designed system of linear motors to pull a cruciform shaped specimen in tension simultaneously with four tissue clamps. The test series included 23 tests with corresponding peak stress and strain measurements of the central region of the specimen where optical markers tracked local displacements. The specimen was loaded at a rate of 0.7 strains per second to match the uterine strain rate in a motor vehicle crash. Experimental results include peak stresses and peak strains for the pregnant uterine tissue in tension. When loaded biaxially, the circumferential peak stress is 500 +/- 219 kPa with a corresponding peak true strain 0.30 +/- 0.09 and the longitudinal peak stress is 320 +/- 176 kPa with a corresponding peak true strain 0.30 +/- 0.09. This material information can be implemented in pregnant occupant models to evaluate the uterine tissue response to impact loading scenarios.
在美国，汽车碰撞是导致怀孕女性死亡的最大单一原因，也是造成创伤性胎儿损伤死亡的主要原因。目前利用计算模型对怀孕乘车人员安全进行的研究受到现有怀孕组织数据的限制。本研究的目的是从对怀孕子宫组织的双轴组织试验中以动态速率收集实验数据。对怀孕的猪子宫进行了实验测试，鉴于其相似性和可得性，猪子宫被选作人类怀孕子宫的替代品。使用定制设计的线性电机系统进行双轴动态拉伸试验，用四个组织夹具同时对十字形试样施加拉力。该测试系列包括23次测试，并对试样中心区域进行了相应的峰值应力和应变测量，通过光学标记跟踪局部位移。以每秒0.7应变的速率加载试样，以匹配机动车碰撞中的子宫应变率。实验结果包括怀孕子宫组织在拉伸时的峰值应力和峰值应变。双轴加载时，周向峰值应力为500±219kPa，相应的峰值真应变为0.30±0.09，纵向峰值应力为320±176kPa，相应的峰值真应变为0.30±0.09。这些材料信息可用于怀孕乘车人员模型，以评估子宫组织对冲击载荷情况的反应。
