Ezegwui H U, Dim C, Dim N, Ikeme A C
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu State, Nigeria.
J Obstet Gynaecol. 2008 Nov;28(8):765-8. doi: 10.1080/01443610802462647.
The objective was to determine the awareness and practice of preconception care in a developing country. This is a cross-sectional study of women receiving antenatal care at the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital and Enugu state university teaching hospital (ESUT) between October 2005 and March 2006. Sampling was systematic where every consenting second of two pregnant women receiving antenatal care at the hospital was mobilised for the study. Data analysis was by descriptive and inferential statistics using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) software version 11 (SPSS Inc. 2001). A total of 1,500 questionnaires were distributed while 1,331 were completed and returned giving a response rate of 88.7%. The mean age was 30.0 + 5.0 years. Of these, 573 (43.1%) women had heard of preconception care. The respondent's awareness of preconception care and their ability to define the subject correctly increase significantly with their educational status and parity. However, there was a difference between knowledge and behaviour. The practice of preconception care was not affected significantly by the parity of the patients. The majority believed that preconception care might improve the health of mother and child. The practice of preconception care is almost non-existent in developing countries. It is important that all stake holders in maternal and child health be involved in vigorous, targeted and sustained female education to improve knowledge and utilisation of preconception care by women of reproductive age groups in developing countries. Health institutions in these underserved populations should develop, and maintain functional dedicated and multidisciplinary clinics for preconception care to decrease perinatal and maternal mortality. Preconception clinics are more important in developing countries such as Nigeria compared with the western world because they would help correct inadequate education and identify a high level of existing illness relevant to pregnancy - much higher than in the western world.
目的是确定一个发展中国家孕前保健的知晓情况和实施情况。这是一项横断面研究，研究对象为2005年10月至2006年3月期间在尼日利亚大学教学医院和埃努古州立大学教学医院（ESUT）接受产前护理的妇女。抽样采用系统抽样法，从在医院接受产前护理的每两名孕妇中选取第二名同意参与研究的孕妇。数据分析采用描述性和推断性统计方法，使用社会科学统计软件包（SPSS）11版软件（SPSS公司，2001年）。共发放1500份问卷，1331份问卷填写并返回，回复率为88.7%。平均年龄为30.0±5.0岁。其中，573名（43.1%）妇女听说过孕前保健。受访者对孕前保健的知晓情况及其正确定义该主题的能力随其教育程度和产次显著提高。然而，知识与行为之间存在差异。患者的产次对孕前保健的实施没有显著影响。大多数人认为孕前保健可能会改善母婴健康。在发展中国家，孕前保健的实施几乎不存在。重要的是，母婴健康领域的所有利益相关者都应参与积极、有针对性和持续的女性教育，以提高发展中国家育龄妇女对孕前保健的知识水平和利用率。这些服务不足人群中的卫生机构应建立并维持功能齐全的专门多学科孕前保健诊所，以降低围产期和孕产妇死亡率。与西方世界相比，孕前保健诊所在尼日利亚等发展中国家更为重要，因为它们有助于纠正教育不足的问题，并识别出与怀孕相关的高水平现有疾病——这一水平远高于西方世界。
