Ernstgård Lena, Iregren Anders, Juran Stephanie, Sjögren Bengt, van Thriel Christoph, Johanson Gunnar
Work Environment Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
J Appl Toxicol. 2009 Apr;29(3):263-74. doi: 10.1002/jat.1407.
Low aromatic and dearomatized white spirits (deWS) are often considered less hazardous to health than 'standard' or aromatic white sprit (stdWS, 15-20% aromatics). However, data on health effects of deWS in humans are sparse and controlled exposure studies are lacking. The aim of this study was to compare deWS and stdWS with respect to irritation and inflammation. Six female and six male healthy volunteers were exposed on five occasions in balanced order to 100 or 300 mg m(-3) deWS (0.002% aromatics) or stdWS (19% aromatics), or to clean air, for 4 h at rest. Discomfort in the eyes, nose and throat and breathing difficulty were assessed by ratings on visual analogue scales. The only significant increases in ratings (compared to clean air) were seen for eye irritation at the high stdWS exposure and for solvent smell at all but the low deWS exposure. Excluding smell, all average ratings were at the lower end of the 0-100 mm scale, and did not exceed the verbal expression 'somewhat'. Ratings during stdWS exposure tended to be higher than during deWS exposure. No exposure-related effects on pulmonary function, nasal swelling, nasal airway resistance, breathing frequency, blinking frequency, plasma inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein, interleukin-6) or biochemical variables (sodium, potassium, amylase, creatine kinase, urate) were seen. In conclusion, stdWS appears to be slightly more irritating than deWS. This could, however, not be confirmed by objective measurements.
低芳烃和脱芳烃白酒精（deWS）通常被认为比“标准”或芳烃白酒精（stdWS，芳烃含量15 - 20%）对健康危害更小。然而，关于deWS对人体健康影响的数据稀少，且缺乏对照暴露研究。本研究的目的是比较deWS和stdWS在刺激和炎症方面的情况。六名女性和六名男性健康志愿者以平衡顺序接受了五次暴露，每次暴露于100或300 mg/m³的deWS（芳烃含量0.002%）或stdWS（芳烃含量19%），或清洁空气中，静息4小时。通过视觉模拟量表评分来评估眼睛、鼻子、喉咙的不适以及呼吸困难情况。与清洁空气相比，仅在高浓度stdWS暴露时出现眼睛刺激评分显著增加，且除低浓度deWS暴露外，在所有暴露情况下溶剂气味评分均显著增加。排除气味因素后，所有平均评分均处于0 - 100 mm量表的低端，且未超过“有点”这一表述。stdWS暴露期间的评分往往高于deWS暴露期间。未观察到暴露对肺功能、鼻肿胀、鼻气道阻力、呼吸频率、眨眼频率、血浆炎症标志物（C反应蛋白、白细胞介素 - 6）或生化变量（钠钾、淀粉酶、肌酸激酶、尿酸）有相关影响。总之，stdWS似乎比deWS的刺激性略强。然而，这一点无法通过客观测量得到证实。
