Ernstgård Lena, Lind Birger, Johanson Gunnar
Work Environment Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
J Appl Toxicol. 2009 Apr;29(3):255-62. doi: 10.1002/jat.1408.
A move from 'standard' white spirit (stdWS, 15-20% aromatics) to low-aromatic or dearomatized white spirit (deWS) has been seen, as the latter are considered to carry a smaller risk of health effects. However, data on health risks of deWS on humans are sparse. The aim of this dose-finding study was to identify thresholds of irritation and central nervous system (CNS) effects of the two types of white spirit, as a basis for more detailed studies. Four female and four male healthy volunteers rated symptoms related to irritation, smell and CNS effects on a 0-100 mm visual analogue scale while exposed to increasing levels of deWS or stdWS in eight 10 min steps from 0.5 to 600 mg m(-3). Combined ratings of questions related to irritation revealed statistically significant increases compared with pre-exposure ratings at 50 mg m(-3) and higher exposures. The ratings increased in a dose-dependent fashion, the medians reaching 'somewhat' for stdWS and 'hardly at all' for deWS. Higher ratings of irritation were found during exposure to stdWS compared with deWS, reaching significance only at 500 mg m(-3). The combined ratings of CNS effects reached 'hardly at all', and were significantly increased only for stdWS at 500 and 600 mg m(-3).
人们已经看到从“标准”白酒（stdWS，芳烃含量15 - 20%）转向低芳烃或脱芳烃白酒（deWS）的趋势，因为后者被认为对健康影响的风险较小。然而，关于deWS对人体健康风险的数据很少。这项剂量探索研究的目的是确定这两种白酒引起刺激和中枢神经系统（CNS）效应的阈值，作为更详细研究的基础。四名女性和四名男性健康志愿者在以0.5至600毫克/立方米的八个10分钟阶段，暴露于浓度不断增加的deWS或stdWS时，按照0 - 100毫米视觉模拟量表对与刺激、气味和CNS效应相关的症状进行评分。与暴露前评分相比，在50毫克/立方米及更高暴露量时，与刺激相关问题的综合评分显示出统计学上的显著增加。评分呈剂量依赖性增加，stdWS的中位数达到“有点”，deWS的中位数达到“几乎没有”。与deWS相比，暴露于stdWS期间发现更高的刺激评分，仅在500毫克/立方米时达到显著水平。CNS效应的综合评分达到“几乎没有”，仅在500和600毫克/立方米时，stdWS的评分显著增加。
