Forrest Gail F, Sisto Sue Ann, Barbeau Hugues, Kirshblum Steven C, Wilen Janina, Bond Quin, Bentson Scott, Asselin Pierre, Cirnigliaro Christopher M, Harkema Susan
Kessler Medical Research and Education Center, West Orange, NJ 07052, USA.
J Spinal Cord Med. 2008;31(5):509-21. doi: 10.1080/10790268.2008.11753646.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: To determine the effects of locomotor training (LT) using body weight support (BWS), treadmill, and manual assistance on muscle activation, bone mineral density (BMD), and body composition changes for an individual with motor complete spinal cord injury (AIS B), 1 year after injury.
A man with chronic C6 AIS B (motor complete and sensory incomplete) spinal cord injury (SCI), 1 year after injury, completed 2 blocks of LT over a 9-month training period (35-session block followed by 8.6 weeks of no training and then a 62-session block).
Before training, muscle activation was minimal for any muscle examined, whereas after the 2 blocks of LT (97 sessions), hip and knee muscle activation patterns for the bilateral rectus femoris, biceps femoris, and gastrocnemius were in phase with the kinematics. Mean EMG amplitude increased for all bilateral muscles and burst duration increased for rectus femoris and gastrocnemius muscles, whereas burst duration decreased for the biceps femoris after 62 LT sessions. Before LT, left biceps femoris had a pattern that reflected muscle stretch, whereas after training, muscle stretch of the left biceps femoris could not totally account for mean EMG amplitude or burst duration. After the 62 training sessions, total BMD decreased (1.54%), and regional BMD decreased (legs: 6.72%). Total weight increased, lean mass decreased (6.6%), and fat mass increased (7.4%) in the arms, whereas fat mass decreased (3.5%) and lean mass increased (4%) in the legs.
LT can induce positive neural and body composition changes in a nonambulatory person with chronic SCI, indicating that neuromuscular plasticity can be induced by repetitive locomotor training after a motor complete SCI.
背景/目的：确定在体重支持（BWS）、跑步机和人工辅助下进行的运动训练（LT）对运动完全性脊髓损伤（AIS B）个体伤后1年肌肉激活、骨密度（BMD）和身体成分变化的影响。
一名慢性C6 AIS B（运动完全性和感觉不完全性）脊髓损伤（SCI）男性，伤后1年，在9个月的训练期内完成了2个LT训练阶段（一个35节次的阶段，随后8.6周不训练，然后是一个62节次的阶段）。
训练前，所检查的任何肌肉的肌肉激活都极少，而在2个LT训练阶段（97节次）后，双侧股直肌、股二头肌和腓肠肌的髋部和膝部肌肉激活模式与运动学同步。所有双侧肌肉的平均肌电图幅度增加，股直肌和腓肠肌的爆发持续时间增加，而在62节次的LT训练后，股二头肌的爆发持续时间减少。LT训练前，左侧股二头肌有一种反映肌肉拉伸的模式，而训练后，左侧股二头肌的肌肉拉伸不能完全解释平均肌电图幅度或爆发持续时间。62节次训练后，总骨密度下降（1.54%），局部骨密度下降（腿部：6.72%）。总体重增加，手臂的瘦体重下降（6.6%），脂肪量增加（7.4%），而腿部的脂肪量下降（3.5%），瘦体重增加（4%）。
LT可在慢性SCI的非步行个体中诱导积极的神经和身体成分变化，表明运动完全性SCI后重复的运动训练可诱导神经肌肉可塑性。
