Seliske Laura M, Pickett William, Boyce William F, Janssen Ian
Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
Public Health Nutr. 2009 Sep;12(9):1384-91. doi: 10.1017/S1368980008004084. Epub 2008 Dec 17.
There is growing interest in how the physical environment influences obesity. Few studies have considered how the food retail environment surrounding schools influences overweight in students.
To determine whether there is a relationship between food retailers surrounding schools and overweight among Canadian youth.
Cross-sectional study. SETTING/METHODS/SUBJECTS: The number of food retailers was obtained within a 1 km and 5 km radius around 178 schools in Canada. Retailers included full-service restaurants, fast-food restaurants, sub/sandwich retailers, doughnut/coffee shops, convenience stores and grocery stores. An index of total food retailer exposure was also created. Multilevel analyses were used to control for individual- and area-level covariates.
None of the individual food retailers was associated with an increased likelihood of overweight. The total food retailer index was most strongly related to overweight, but in the opposite direction to that hypothesized. At 1 km, students attending schools with at least one food retailer had a lower relative odds of overweight (OR = 0.70, 95% CI 0.61, 0.81). At 5 km, students attending schools with the highest exposure to the total food retailer index had a lower relative odds of overweight (OR = 0.56, 95% CI 0.47, 0.68) compared with students attending schools with no exposure.
Exposure to various types of food retailers in school neighbourhoods was not associated with an increased likelihood of overweight in Canadian school-aged youth. The opportunity to make healthy choices from a variety of options and the unique Canadian context may explain the findings.
物理环境如何影响肥胖问题正受到越来越多的关注。很少有研究考虑学校周边的食品零售环境如何影响学生超重问题。
确定加拿大学校周边的食品零售商与青少年超重之间是否存在关联。
横断面研究。地点/方法/研究对象：获取了加拿大178所学校周围1公里和5公里半径范围内的食品零售商数量。零售商包括提供全方位服务的餐厅、快餐店、潜艇堡/三明治零售商、甜甜圈/咖啡店、便利店和杂货店。还创建了一个食品零售商总暴露指数。采用多水平分析来控制个体和地区层面的协变量。
没有任何一种个体食品零售商与超重可能性增加相关。食品零售商总指数与超重的关联最为强烈，但方向与假设相反。在1公里范围内，就读于至少有一家食品零售商的学校的学生超重的相对几率较低（比值比=0.70，95%置信区间0.61，0.81）。在5公里范围内，与就读于无食品零售商总指数暴露学校的学生相比，就读于食品零售商总指数暴露最高学校的学生超重的相对几率较低（比值比=0.56，95%置信区间0.47，0.68）。
在加拿大学龄青少年中，接触学校周边各类食品零售商与超重可能性增加无关。从多种选择中做出健康选择的机会以及独特的加拿大背景可能解释了这些研究结果。
