Spielmann Julia, Noatsch Anne, Brandsch Corinna, Stangl Gabriele I, Eder Klaus
Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle/Saale, Germany.
Ann Nutr Metab. 2008;53(3-4):223-33. doi: 10.1159/000184680. Epub 2008 Dec 11.
It has been hypothesized that the arginine:lysine ratio of dietary proteins influences cholesterol concentrations in plasma and liver of men and animals. This study was performed to test this hypothesis in rats by using diets with various concentrations of arginine and lysine, differing in their arginine:lysine ratios.
Two experiments with growing rats were performed, some of which received diets containing 4.5, 9 or 18 g arginine/kg and 9 or 18 g lysine/kg, respectively, for a period of 21 days. In the first experiment, a cholesterol-free diet was used; in the second experiment, a diet supplemented with cholesterol and sodium cholate as hypercholesterolaemic compounds was used.
In experiment 1, increasing the arginine concentration lowered HDL and plasma cholesterol concentration; however, cholesterol concentrations in liver, LDL and VLDL remained unchanged. In experiment 2, increasing the arginine concentration lowered HDL cholesterol and increased liver cholesterol (p<0.05); cholesterol concentrations in plasma, LDL and VLDL remained unchanged. The only effect of the dietary lysine concentration concerned the effect on VLDL and liver cholesterol concentration, which were both lower in rats fed the diets with 18 g lysine/kg than in those fed the diets with 9 g lysine/kg (p<0.05). Varying the dietary arginine:lysine ratio between 0.25 and 2.0 had no influence on cholesterol concentration in LDL and VLDL in both experiments; HDL cholesterol concentration was lowered by increasing this ratio (p<0.05).
The present study does not support the hypothesis that an increase in the dietary arginine:lysine ratio causes hypocholesterolaemic effects in rats.
据推测，膳食蛋白质的精氨酸：赖氨酸比例会影响人和动物血浆及肝脏中的胆固醇浓度。本研究通过使用精氨酸和赖氨酸浓度各异、精氨酸：赖氨酸比例不同的日粮，在大鼠身上验证这一假设。
对生长中的大鼠进行了两项实验，部分大鼠分别摄入含4.5、9或18克精氨酸/千克以及9或18克赖氨酸/千克的日粮，为期21天。在第一个实验中，使用无胆固醇日粮；在第二个实验中，使用添加胆固醇和胆酸钠作为高胆固醇化合物的日粮。
在实验1中，提高精氨酸浓度会降低高密度脂蛋白（HDL）和血浆胆固醇浓度；然而，肝脏、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）和极低密度脂蛋白（VLDL）中的胆固醇浓度保持不变。在实验2中，提高精氨酸浓度会降低HDL胆固醇并增加肝脏胆固醇（p<0.05）；血浆、LDL和VLDL中的胆固醇浓度保持不变。日粮赖氨酸浓度的唯一影响涉及对VLDL和肝脏胆固醇浓度的影响，摄入18克赖氨酸/千克日粮的大鼠的VLDL和肝脏胆固醇浓度均低于摄入9克赖氨酸/千克日粮的大鼠（p<0.05）。在两个实验中，将日粮精氨酸：赖氨酸比例在0.25至2.0之间变化对LDL和VLDL中的胆固醇浓度没有影响；提高该比例会降低HDL胆固醇浓度（p<0.05）。
本研究不支持日粮精氨酸：赖氨酸比例增加会在大鼠中产生降胆固醇作用这一假设。
