Xie Fang, Chen Yue Guo
Peking University Eye Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.
Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 2008 Dec 18;40(6):610-5.
To explore the temporal expression of retinal-choroidal transforming growth factor-beta2 (TGF-beta2) in form-deprived myopia (FDM) chick eyes and study the effect of an inhibitor (disulfiram, DSF) of retinoid acid (RA) synthesis on refractive development and the expression of TGF-beta2.
Ninety new hatched white leghorn chicks were divided randomly and equally into 3 groups: unilateral occluded with frosted goggles (Group A); unilateral intravitreal injection of 4 mmol of the non-specific aldehydedehydrogenase inhibitor disulfiram with further treatment with goggles (Group B); unilateral intravitreal injections of 4 mmol of disulfiram without further treatment with goggles (Group C). Refraction and axial length were measured on 1, 7 and 14 days after treatment. Expression levels of TGF-beta2 and TGF-beta2 mRNA in the retinal-choroid layer were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and real-time RT-PCR.
In Group A, the form-deprived eyes made by goggles developed myopia (P<0.05 on day 1, P<0.01 on days 7 and 14, compared with the contralateral eyes) with a lengthening of the axial length (P<0.01 on days 7 and 14, compared with the contralateral eyes), as well as a lower level of TGF-beta2 expression (P<0.01 on days 7 and 14, compared with the contralateral eyes). In Groups B and C, there was no statistically significant difference in refraction and axial length between treated and contralateral eyes (P>0.05) with TGF-beta2 mRNA level growing on day 7 and decreased on day 14 in group B and decreased on day 1, increased on days 7 and 14 in Group C (P<0.01, compared with the contralateral eyes). Immunohistochemistry showed that the expression of TGF-beta2 was mainly changed in the outer part of photoreceptor layer and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) layer.
TGF-beta2 mRNA level decreased in FDM eyes. Disulfiram can up-regulate the level of TGF-beta2 mRNA expression in the posterior retinal-choroid, and inhibit the elongation of axial length and refractive error made by frosted goggles as well. Disulfiram which inhibits the synthesis of retinoid acid may suppress deprivation myopia by up-regulating the expression level of TGF-beta2 mRNA.
探讨形觉剥夺性近视（FDM）雏鸡眼中视网膜 - 脉络膜转化生长因子 - β2（TGF - β2）的时间表达情况，并研究维甲酸（RA）合成抑制剂（双硫仑，DSF）对屈光发育及TGF - β2表达的影响。
将90只新孵出的白来航雏鸡随机等分为3组：单侧用磨砂眼罩遮盖（A组）；单侧玻璃体腔内注射4 mmol非特异性醛脱氢酶抑制剂双硫仑并进一步用眼罩处理（B组）；单侧玻璃体腔内注射4 mmol双硫仑且不进一步用眼罩处理（C组）。在处理后第1、7和14天测量屈光和眼轴长度。通过免疫组织化学和实时逆转录 - 聚合酶链反应（RT - PCR）分析视网膜 - 脉络膜层中TGF - β2和TGF - β2 mRNA的表达水平。
在A组中，眼罩造成的形觉剥夺眼出现近视（与对侧眼相比，第1天P<0.05，第7天和第14天P<0.01），眼轴长度延长（与对侧眼相比，第7天和第14天P<0.01），同时TGF - β2表达水平降低（与对侧眼相比，第7天和第14天P<0.01）。在B组和C组中，处理眼与对侧眼在屈光和眼轴长度方面无统计学显著差异（P>0.05），B组中TGF - β2 mRNA水平在第7天升高，第14天降低；C组中第1天降低，第7天和第14天升高（与对侧眼相比，P<0.01）。免疫组织化学显示，TGF - β2的表达主要在光感受器层外部和视网膜色素上皮（RPE）层发生变化。
FDM眼中TGF - β2 mRNA水平降低。双硫仑可上调视网膜 - 脉络膜后部TGF - β2 mRNA的表达水平，并抑制磨砂眼罩导致的眼轴长度延长和屈光不正。抑制维甲酸合成的双硫仑可能通过上调TGF - β2 mRNA的表达水平来抑制剥夺性近视。
