Maksimović Milos Z, Vlajinac Hristina D, Radak Dorde J, Maksimović Jadranka M, Marinković Jelena M, Jorga Jagoda B
Institute of Hygiene and Medical Ecology, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia.
Croat Med J. 2008 Dec;49(6):824-31. doi: 10.3325/cmj.2008.49.824.
To investigate the association between socioeconomic status and metabolic syndrome, lifestyle, clinical and biochemical characteristics, and inflammatory markers as risk factors for carotid atherosclerotic disease.
This cross-sectional study, involving 657 consecutive patients with verified carotid atherosclerotic disease, was performed in Belgrade, Serbia, during the period 2006-2007. Formal education level was used as a proxy for socioeconomic status. Anthropometric parameters and data on cardiovascular risk factors were analyzed in participants with different levels of education--low (< or = primary school), medium (secondary school), and high (university education). In the analysis, univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used.
Multivariate analysis showed that low education was significantly positively associated with female sex (odds ratio [OR], 2.38; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.45-3.81), increased triglycerides (OR, 1.79; 95% CI, 1.12-2.78), increased high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) (OR, 3.53; 95% CI, 2.17-5.88), and physical inactivity (OR, 4.24; 95% CI, 1.82-9.86) and negatively associated with former smoking (OR, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.23-0.75). Medium education was significantly positively associated with increased triglycerides (OR, 1.73; 95% CI, 1.14-2.62) and increased hsCRP (OR, 2.17; 95% CI, 1.37-3.41), and negatively with age (OR, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.94-0.99).
Increased triglycerides and hsCRP in people with low and medium education, and high prevalence of metabolic syndrome, its components and inflammatory markers in all study participants, suggest that regular health check-up, especially for those with lower education, may be useful in early detection and treatment of any abnormality that can be associated with cardiovascular disease.
探讨社会经济地位与代谢综合征、生活方式、临床及生化特征以及炎症标志物作为颈动脉粥样硬化疾病危险因素之间的关联。
这项横断面研究于2006年至2007年期间在塞尔维亚贝尔格莱德进行，纳入了657例经证实患有颈动脉粥样硬化疾病的连续患者。以正规教育水平作为社会经济地位的替代指标。对不同教育水平（低教育水平（小学及以下）、中等教育水平（中学）和高教育水平（大学教育））的参与者进行人体测量参数和心血管危险因素数据的分析。分析中采用单因素和多因素逻辑回归。
多因素分析显示，低教育水平与女性性别（比值比[OR]，2.38；95%置信区间[CI]，1.45 - 3.81）、甘油三酯升高（OR，1.79；95% CI，1.12 - 2.78）、高敏C反应蛋白（hsCRP）升高（OR，3.53；95% CI，2.17 - 5.88）以及身体活动不足（OR，4.24；95% CI，1.82 - 9.86）显著正相关，与既往吸烟呈负相关（OR，0.42；95% CI，0.23 - 0.75）。中等教育水平与甘油三酯升高（OR，1.73；95% CI，1.14 - 2.62）和hsCRP升高（OR，2.17；95% CI，1.37 - 3.41）显著正相关，与年龄呈负相关（OR，0.97；95% CI，0.94 - 0.99）。
低教育水平和中等教育水平人群的甘油三酯和hsCRP升高，以及所有研究参与者中代谢综合征、其组分和炎症标志物的高患病率，提示定期健康检查，尤其是对教育水平较低者，可能有助于早期发现和治疗任何可能与心血管疾病相关的异常情况。
