Albano Emanuele
Department of Medical Science, University Amedeo Avogadro of East Piedmont, Via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy.
Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2008 Dec;2(6):749-59. doi: 10.1586/17474124.2.6.749.
Alcoholic liver disease still represents an important cause for death and disability in most well-developed countries and is becoming a leading cause of disease in developing countries. It is now increasingly clear that, besides the formation of acetaldehyde, alcohol effects on the liver include oxidative stress, disturbances in methionine metabolism, endoplasmic reticulum stress, inflammatory/immune responses and adipokine imbalances. This article will discuss the most recent findings on the mechanisms by which alcohol abuse causes hepatic steatosis and steatohepatitis, and now it contributes to the progression of fibrosis. Although still incomplete, these data shed new light on the multifactorial pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease and open new possibilities in the understanding of how gender and genetic factors can influence disease progression.
在大多数发达国家，酒精性肝病仍是导致死亡和残疾的重要原因，并且在发展中国家正成为主要的疾病病因。现在越来越清楚的是，除了乙醛的形成，酒精对肝脏的影响还包括氧化应激、蛋氨酸代谢紊乱、内质网应激、炎症/免疫反应以及脂肪因子失衡。本文将讨论酒精滥用导致肝脂肪变性和脂肪性肝炎的机制的最新研究结果，以及目前它如何促进纤维化进展。尽管这些数据仍不完整，但它们为酒精性肝病的多因素发病机制提供了新的线索，并为理解性别和遗传因素如何影响疾病进展开辟了新的可能性。
