Viveros A, Ortiz L T, Rodríguez M L, Rebolé A, Alzueta C, Arija I, Centeno C, Brenes A
Departamento de Producción Animal, Universidad Complutense, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Poult Sci. 2009 Jan;88(1):141-51. doi: 10.3382/ps.2008-00226.
The effect of dietary fat sources (high-oleic-acid sunflower seeds, HOASS; palm oil, PO; and high-oleic-acid sunflower oil, HOASO) and high-oleic-acid sunflower hulls (HOAS hulls; 40 g/kg of diet) on performance, digestive organ size, fat digestibility, and fatty acid profile in abdominal fat and blood serum parameters was evaluated in chickens (from 1 to 21 d of age). Bird performance and digestive organ size were not affected by either dietary fat source or sunflower hull supplementation. Fat digestibility in birds fed diets enriched (HOASS and HOASO) in monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) was increased compared with those fed the PO diet. The addition of sunflower hulls did not modify fat digestibility. The fatty acids pattern of abdominal fat reflected the dietary fat profile. The greatest concentrations of C16:0 and C18:0 were found in birds fed PO diets. The C18:1n-9 content was increased in birds that received HOASS and HOASO diets compared with those fed PO diets. The greatest content of C18:2n-6 was observed in birds fed HOASS diets. The ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) to MUFA was significantly increased in birds fed PO diets compared with those fed HOASS or HOASO diets. The addition of sunflower hulls to the diets resulted in a decrease of C18:2n-6 and PUFA concentrations and PUFA:MUFA ratio in abdominal fat. Dietary fat sources and sunflower hulls modify blood triglycerides and serum lipoproteins. A decrease in triglyceride concentrations was observed in birds fed HOASS diets compared with those fed PO and HOASO diets. The greatest concentrations of serum high density, very low density (VLDL), and low density lipoproteins were found in birds receiving HOASO, PO, and HOASS diets, respectively. The addition of sunflower hulls to the diets caused an increase of serum triglycerides and VLDL concentrations. The MUFA-enriched diets had lower triglyceride and VLDL concentrations than did diets rich in saturated fatty acids. However, the sunflower hull addition had the opposite effect.
研究了日粮脂肪来源（高油酸葵花籽、HOASS；棕榈油、PO；高油酸葵花籽油、HOASO）和高油酸葵花籽壳（HOAS壳；日粮中添加量为40 g/kg）对1至21日龄雏鸡生产性能、消化器官大小、脂肪消化率、腹部脂肪脂肪酸组成以及血清参数的影响。日粮脂肪来源和葵花籽壳添加量均未影响雏鸡的生产性能和消化器官大小。与饲喂PO日粮的雏鸡相比，饲喂富含单不饱和脂肪酸（MUFA）日粮（HOASS和HOASO）的雏鸡脂肪消化率有所提高。添加葵花籽壳并未改变脂肪消化率。腹部脂肪的脂肪酸组成反映了日粮脂肪的构成。饲喂PO日粮的雏鸡腹部脂肪中C16:0和C18:0的含量最高。与饲喂PO日粮的雏鸡相比，饲喂HOASS和HOASO日粮的雏鸡腹部脂肪中C18:1n-9的含量有所增加。饲喂HOASS日粮的雏鸡腹部脂肪中C18:2n-6的含量最高。与饲喂HOASS或HOASO日粮的雏鸡相比，饲喂PO日粮的雏鸡腹部脂肪中多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）与MUFA的比值显著升高。日粮中添加葵花籽壳会导致雏鸡腹部脂肪中C18:2n-6、PUFA含量以及PUFA:MUFA比值降低。日粮脂肪来源和葵花籽壳会改变雏鸡血液甘油三酯和血清脂蛋白水平。与饲喂PO和HOASO日粮的雏鸡相比，饲喂HOASS日粮的雏鸡甘油三酯浓度降低。血清高密度脂蛋白、极低密度脂蛋白（VLDL）和低密度脂蛋白含量最高的雏鸡分别饲喂了HOASO、PO和HOASS日粮。日粮中添加葵花籽壳会导致血清甘油三酯和VLDL浓度升高。富含MUFA的日粮甘油三酯和VLDL浓度低于富含饱和脂肪酸的日粮。然而，添加葵花籽壳的效果则相反。
