Hogarty G E, Ulrich R F
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1977 Mar;34(3):297-301. doi: 10.1001/archpsyc.1977.01770150055005.
The potential for unwanted side effects, particularly tardive dyskinesia, following long-term after care maintenance with antipsychotic medication has led to serious questioning of its continued use for schizophrenic patients. Does the risk of relapse decline with the passage of time? If so, is the advantage of drug therapy sustained and large enough to justify continued treatment beyond one or two years? More appropriate methods for analyzing the after care experience of 374 schizophrenic patients treated with drug or placebo reveals that while the risk of relapse does decline substantially, it remains twice as high for placebo-treated patients than drug-treated patients even after two years of treatment. The prophylactic effect of maintenance chemotherapy appears to be one to two times larger than generally estimated by the less precise "cumulative percentage" method.
长期使用抗精神病药物进行后期护理维持治疗时，出现不良副作用尤其是迟发性运动障碍的可能性，已引发了对其继续用于精神分裂症患者的严重质疑。复发风险会随着时间推移而降低吗？如果是这样，药物治疗的优势是否能持续且足够大，以证明在一两年后继续治疗是合理的？对374名接受药物或安慰剂治疗的精神分裂症患者的后期护理经历进行更恰当分析后发现，虽然复发风险确实大幅下降，但即使经过两年治疗，接受安慰剂治疗的患者的复发风险仍是接受药物治疗患者的两倍。维持化疗的预防效果似乎比不太精确的“累积百分比”方法通常估计的要大一到两倍。
