Keenen Bridget, de la Serna Ivana L
Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, OH 43614, USA.
J Cell Physiol. 2009 Apr;219(1):1-7. doi: 10.1002/jcp.21654.
Embryonic stem cells have an unlimited potential for self-renewal yet are pluripotent, capable of differentiating into three different germ layers and ultimately into multiple cell lineages. Key pluripotency specific factors maintain an undifferentiated ES cell phenotype while lineage specific factors work in opposition to promote cell specialization. In addition to these important transcriptional regulators, epigenetic modifiers play a defining role in regulating the balance between pluripotency and differentiation by promoting changes in chromatin structure.
胚胎干细胞具有无限的自我更新潜力，而且具有多能性，能够分化为三个不同的胚层，并最终分化为多种细胞谱系。关键的多能性特异性因子维持未分化的胚胎干细胞表型，而谱系特异性因子则起相反作用以促进细胞特化。除了这些重要的转录调节因子外，表观遗传修饰因子通过促进染色质结构的变化，在调节多能性和分化之间的平衡中发挥决定性作用。
