He Yaowu, Smith Ross
Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove, Brisbane, Queensland 4059, Australia.
Cell Mol Life Sci. 2009 Apr;66(7):1239-56. doi: 10.1007/s00018-008-8532-1.
The hnRNP A/B proteins are among the most abundant RNA-binding proteins, forming the core of the ribonucleoprotein complex that associates with nascent transcripts in eukaryotic cells. There are several paralogs in this subfamily, each of which is subject to alternative transcript splicing and post-translational modifications. The structural diversity of these proteins generates a multitude of functions that involve interactions with DNA or, more commonly, RNA. They also recruit regulatory proteins associated with pathways related to DNA and RNA metabolism, and appear to accompany transcripts throughout the life of the mRNA. We have highlighted here recent progress in elucidation of molecular mechanisms underlying the roles of these hnRNPs in a wide range of nuclear processes, including DNA replication and repair, telomere maintenance, transcription, pre-mRNA splicing, and mRNA nucleo-cytoplasmic export.
核不均一核糖核蛋白A/B（hnRNP A/B）是最丰富的RNA结合蛋白之一，它们形成核糖核蛋白复合物的核心，该复合物与真核细胞中的新生转录本相关联。这个亚家族中有几个旁系同源物，每个旁系同源物都经历可变转录本剪接和翻译后修饰。这些蛋白质的结构多样性产生了多种功能，包括与DNA或更常见的与RNA的相互作用。它们还招募与DNA和RNA代谢相关途径的调节蛋白，并且似乎在mRNA的整个生命周期中都伴随着转录本。我们在此强调了最近在阐明这些hnRNP在广泛的核过程中所起作用的分子机制方面取得的进展，这些核过程包括DNA复制和修复、端粒维持、转录、前体mRNA剪接以及mRNA核质输出。
