Alp I, Deveci H, Yazici E Y, Türk T, Süngün Y H
Karadeniz Technical University, Department of Mining Engineering, 61080, Trabzon, Turkey.
J Hazard Mater. 2009 Jul 15;166(1):144-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.10.129. Epub 2008 Nov 13.
Pyrite cinders, which are the waste products of sulphuric acid manufacturing plants, contain hazardous heavy metals with potential environmental risks for disposal. In this study, the potential use of pyrite cinders (PyCs) as iron source in the production of Portland cement clinker was demonstrated at the industrial scale. The chemical and mineralogical analyses of the PyC sample used in this study have revealed that it is essentially a suitable raw material for use as iron source since it contains >87% Fe(2)O(3) mainly in the form of hematite (Fe(2)O(3)) and magnetite (Fe(3)O(4)). The samples of the clinkers produced from PyC in the industrial scale trial operation of 6 months were tested for the conformity of their chemical composition and the physico-mechanical performance of the resultant cement products. The data were compared with the clinker products of the iron ore, which is used as the raw material for the production Portland cement clinker in the plant. The chemical compositions of all the clinker products of PyC appeared to conform to those of the iron ore clinker, and hence, a Portland cement clinker. The mechanical performance of the mortars prepared from the PyC clinker was found to be consistent with those of the industrial cements e.g. CEM I type cements. It can be inferred from the leachability tests (TCLP and SPLP) that PyC could be a potential source of heavy metal pollution while the mortar samples obtained from the PyC clinkers present no environmental problems. These findings suggest that the waste pyrite cinders can be readily used as iron source for the production of Portland cement. The availability of PyC in large quantities at low cost provides further significant benefits for the management/environmental practices of these wastes and for the reduction of mining and processing costs of cement raw materials.
硫铁矿烧渣是硫酸制造厂的废弃物，含有有害重金属，处置时存在潜在环境风险。在本研究中，在工业规模上证明了硫铁矿烧渣（PyC）作为波特兰水泥熟料生产中铁源的潜在用途。对本研究中使用的PyC样品进行的化学和矿物学分析表明，它基本上是用作铁源的合适原料，因为它含有>87%的Fe₂O₃，主要以赤铁矿（Fe₂O₃）和磁铁矿（Fe₃O₄）的形式存在。在为期6个月的工业规模试验运行中，对由PyC生产的熟料样品进行了化学成分符合性测试以及所得水泥产品的物理力学性能测试。将数据与该厂用作波特兰水泥熟料生产原料的铁矿石熟料产品进行了比较。PyC所有熟料产品的化学成分似乎与铁矿石熟料的化学成分一致，因此，是一种波特兰水泥熟料。发现由PyC熟料制备的砂浆的力学性能与工业水泥（如CEM I型水泥）的力学性能一致。从浸出性试验（TCLP和SPLP）可以推断，PyC可能是重金属污染的潜在来源，而从PyC熟料获得的砂浆样品不存在环境问题。这些发现表明，废弃硫铁矿烧渣可很容易地用作波特兰水泥生产的铁源。大量低成本的PyC的可得性为这些废物的管理/环境实践以及降低水泥原料的开采和加工成本提供了进一步的显著益处。
