Lamberts Robert P, Swart Jeroen, Noakes Timothy D, Lambert Michael I
Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UCT/MRC Research Unit for Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, The Sport Science Institute of South Africa, University of Cape Town, Newlands, South Africa.
Eur J Appl Physiol. 2009 Mar;105(5):705-13. doi: 10.1007/s00421-008-0952-y. Epub 2008 Dec 20.
Heart rate recovery (HRR) after submaximal exercise improves after training. However, it is unknown if this also occurs in already well-trained cyclists. Therefore, 14 well-trained cyclists (VO(2max) 60.3 +/- 7.2 ml kg(-1) min(-1); relative peak power output 5.2 +/- 0.6 W kg(-1)) participated in a high-intensity training programme (eight sessions in 4 weeks). Before and after high-intensity training, performance was assessed with a peak power output test including respiratory gas analysis (VO(2max)) and a 40-km time trial. HRR was measured after every high-intensity training session and 40-km time trial. After the training period peak power output, expressed as W kg(-1), improved by 4.7% (P = 0.000010) and 40-km time trial improved by 2.2% (P = 0.000007), whereas there was no change in VO(2max) (P = 0.066571). Both HRR after the high intensity training sessions (7 +/- 6 beats; P = 0.001302) and HRR after the 40-km time trials (6 +/- 3 beats; P = 0.023101) improved significantly after the training period. Good relationships were found between improvements in HRR(40-km) and improvements in peak power output (r = 0.73; P < 0.0001) and 40-km time trial time (r = 0.96; P < 0.0001). In conclusion, HRR is a sensitive marker which tracks changes in training status in already well-trained cyclists and has the potential to have an important role in monitoring and prescribing training.
亚极量运动后的心率恢复（HRR）在训练后会得到改善。然而，对于已经训练有素的自行车运动员是否也会出现这种情况尚不清楚。因此，14名训练有素的自行车运动员（最大摄氧量[VO₂max]为60.3±7.2毫升·千克⁻¹·分钟⁻¹；相对峰值功率输出为5.2±0.6瓦·千克⁻¹）参加了一项高强度训练计划（4周内进行8次训练）。在高强度训练前后，通过包括呼吸气体分析（VO₂max）的峰值功率输出测试和40公里计时赛来评估表现。在每次高强度训练课程和40公里计时赛后测量HRR。训练期后，以瓦·千克⁻¹表示的峰值功率输出提高了4.7%（P = 0.000010），40公里计时赛成绩提高了2.2%（P = 0.000007），而VO₂max没有变化（P = 0.066571）。训练期后，高强度训练课程后的HRR（7±6次心跳；P = 0.001302）和40公里计时赛后的HRR（6±3次心跳；P = 0.023101）均有显著改善。HRR（40公里）的改善与峰值功率输出的改善（r = 0.73；P < 0.0001）和40公里计时赛时间的改善（r = 0.96；P < 0.0001）之间存在良好的相关性。总之，HRR是一个敏感指标，可追踪已经训练有素的自行车运动员训练状态的变化，并且在监测和制定训练计划方面可能具有重要作用。
