Peretti-Watel Patrick, Seror Valérie, Constance Jean, Beck François
INSERM, U912 (SE4S), Marseille, France.
Int J Drug Policy. 2009 May;20(3):230-6. doi: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2008.10.001. Epub 2008 Dec 24.
The relationship between smoking and poverty is a public health issue in many countries, and several studies have shown a link between living in deprived neighbourhoods and smoking. In France the prevalence of smoking has decreased since the year 2000s. We examined whether reduced smoking rates differed by socio-economic status, anticipating reductions to be smaller amongst lower socio-economic groups. We also investigated whether poor housing conditions and/or living in a deprived neighbourhood were significantly associated with smoking.
Data were collected by telephone surveys conducted between 2000 and 2007 with representative samples of the French population aged 18-75. The data from the last of these surveys (2007, N=6007) were also used to carry out a cluster analysis on various indicators relating to housing conditions and neighbourhood.
Between 2000 and 2007 the social differential in smoking rates increased sharply in France. Specific types of neighbourhood and poor housing conditions (described as cramped housing in a noisy and stressful environment or deprived neighbourhood), which were closely correlated with socio-economic status, were found to be significantly correlated with smoking, even after adjusting for potential key confounders and especially for individual markers of social disadvantage.
Interventions which do not specifically target smoking but which contribute to improving poor smokers' living conditions, are necessary to promote smoking cessation.
吸烟与贫困之间的关系在许多国家都是一个公共卫生问题，多项研究表明生活在贫困社区与吸烟之间存在关联。在法国，自21世纪以来吸烟率有所下降。我们研究了吸烟率的下降是否因社会经济地位而异，预计社会经济地位较低群体的下降幅度较小。我们还调查了恶劣的住房条件和/或生活在贫困社区是否与吸烟显著相关。
通过在2000年至2007年期间对18 - 75岁法国人口的代表性样本进行电话调查收集数据。这些调查中最后一次（2007年，N = 6007）的数据也用于对与住房条件和社区相关的各种指标进行聚类分析。
2000年至2007年期间，法国吸烟率的社会差异急剧增加。发现与社会经济地位密切相关的特定类型社区和恶劣住房条件（被描述为嘈杂、压力大的环境中的拥挤住房或贫困社区），即使在调整潜在的关键混杂因素，特别是社会劣势的个体指标后，仍与吸烟显著相关。
有必要采取一些并非专门针对吸烟但有助于改善贫困吸烟者生活条件的干预措施，以促进戒烟。
