Sobkowiak Lukasz, Szarzyńska Bogna, Szweykowska-Kulińska Zofia
Department of Gene Expression, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Adam Mickiewicz University, 5 Miedzychodzka St., 60-371 Poznan, Poland.
Postepy Biochem. 2008;54(3):308-16.
Micro RNAs are 21-24 nt long RNA molecules involved in the regulation of gene expression on mRNA level. Mature miRNA molecules associated with the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) guide specifically mRNA cleavage or inhibit the translation. In plants selective mRNA degradation in miRNA-dependent pathway is a widespread mechanism that occurs more frequently than translation inhibition. miRNA precursors, known as pri-miRNA, are processed in several steps to produce mature miRNA molecules. There are several plant proteins involved in miRNA processing: DCL1, HYL1, SE, HEN1 and HASTY. The role of these proteins is discussed.
微小RNA是长度为21 - 24个核苷酸的RNA分子，参与在mRNA水平上对基因表达的调控。与RNA诱导沉默复合体（RISC）相关的成熟微小RNA分子特异性地引导mRNA切割或抑制翻译。在植物中，依赖微小RNA的途径中的选择性mRNA降解是一种广泛存在的机制，其发生频率高于翻译抑制。微小RNA前体，即初级微小RNA（pri - miRNA），需经过多个步骤加工才能产生成熟的微小RNA分子。有几种植物蛋白参与微小RNA的加工过程：DCL1、HYL1、SE、HEN1和HASTY。本文讨论了这些蛋白质的作用。
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