Grimholt U, Johansen R, Smith A J
Department of Biology, Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Lab Anim. 2009 Apr;43(2):121-6. doi: 10.1258/la.2008.008013. Epub 2008 Dec 30.
Large numbers of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) are used as research animals in basic research and to solve challenges related to the fish-farming industry. Most of this research is performed on farmed animals provided by local breeders or national breeding companies. The genetic constitution of these animals is usually unknown and highly variable. As a result, large numbers of fish are often needed to produce significant results, and results from one study are often impossible to reproduce in another facility. The production of standardized salmon could in many cases reduce the number of animals used in research and at the same time provide more reproducible results. This paper provides an overview of the methods available for the production of standardized Atlantic salmon, and discusses the pros and cons of each technique. The use of zebrafish and other well-defined laboratory fish species as a model for salmon is also discussed. Access to genetically defined fish would greatly benefit the scientific community, in the same way as genetically defined lines of rodents have revolutionized mammalian research.
大量的大西洋鲑鱼（Salmo salar）被用作基础研究中的实验动物，以解决与养鱼业相关的挑战。这项研究大多是在当地养殖者或国家育种公司提供的养殖动物上进行的。这些动物的基因构成通常未知且高度可变。因此，往往需要大量的鱼才能产生显著的结果，而且一项研究的结果通常无法在另一个机构中重现。在许多情况下，生产标准化的鲑鱼可以减少研究中使用的动物数量，同时提供更具可重复性的结果。本文概述了生产标准化大西洋鲑鱼的可用方法，并讨论了每种技术的优缺点。还讨论了使用斑马鱼和其他明确的实验室鱼类作为鲑鱼模型的情况。获得基因定义明确的鱼类将极大地造福科学界，就像基因定义明确的啮齿动物品系彻底改变了哺乳动物研究一样。
