Massey Emma K, Garnefski Nadia, Gebhardt Winifred A
Leiden University Institute for Psychological Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Eur J Pain. 2009 Oct;13(9):977-84. doi: 10.1016/j.ejpain.2008.11.012. Epub 2008 Dec 31.
The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between goal frustration, coping and well-being in the context of adolescent headache. Firstly, we investigated whether adolescents with weekly, monthly or no headache complaints differed with regard to the importance assigned to their personal goals, experience of goal frustration, coping with goal frustration and well-being. Secondly, the extent to which goal and coping factors contributed to well-being and whether this relationship differed according to the frequency of headache complaints was examined. For this purpose, 1202 adolescents aged 12-18 completed self-report questionnaires in schools. Adolescents were divided into three groups based on their experience of headache: no headache reported (38%); monthly headache (40%); weekly headache (18%). Results show that these groups did not differ with respect to the importance they attach to goals. They did, however, differ according to experience of goal frustration, use of strategies to cope with goal frustration and well-being, although effect sizes were small. After controlling for individual and headache characteristics, frustration of self acceptance and health goals, and the use of self blame, rumination and other blame were consistently related to lower well-being. Moreover, interactions with headache group indicated that for adolescents with weekly headache, greater frustration of school and self acceptance goals and a lower importance assigned to health goals was more detrimental to well-being than for those with no headache complaints. We conclude that frustration to goal pursuit and strategies for coping with this frustration are important factors in adolescent well-being and may offer important targets for intervention.
本研究的目的是在青少年头痛的背景下，调查目标挫折、应对方式与幸福感之间的关系。首先，我们调查了每周、每月有头痛症状或无头痛症状的青少年在对个人目标的重视程度、目标挫折体验、应对目标挫折的方式以及幸福感方面是否存在差异。其次，研究了目标和应对因素对幸福感的影响程度，以及这种关系是否因头痛症状的频率不同而有所差异。为此，1202名12至18岁的青少年在学校完成了自我报告问卷。青少年根据头痛经历被分为三组：无头痛报告（38%）；每月头痛（40%）；每周头痛（18%）。结果表明，这些组在对目标的重视程度上没有差异。然而，他们在目标挫折体验、应对目标挫折的策略使用和幸福感方面存在差异，尽管效应量较小。在控制了个体和头痛特征后，自我接纳和健康目标的挫折以及自责、沉思和他人责备策略的使用与较低的幸福感始终相关。此外，与头痛组的交互作用表明，对于每周头痛的青少年来说，学校和自我接纳目标的更大挫折以及对健康目标的较低重视程度对幸福感的损害比对无头痛症状的青少年更大。我们得出结论，目标追求的挫折和应对这种挫折的策略是青少年幸福感的重要因素，可能为干预提供重要靶点。
