Tkác Ján, Man S F Paul, Sin Don D
The University of British Columbia (Respiratory Division), Vancouver, BC.
Ther Adv Respir Dis. 2007 Oct;1(1):47-59. doi: 10.1177/1753465807082374.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a highly prevalent chronic lung condition, affecting approximately 10% of adults over the age of 40 years in the western world. Research over the past 10 years has shown that COPD is more than just a lung disorder; it affects other end-organs including the cardiovascular and the musculoskeletal systems, making it a multi-component, multi-system disease. COPD increases the risk for ischemic heart disease, stroke, osteoporosis, cachexia, and muscle weakness by two to threefold, independent of other factors such as smoking and age. The mechanisms by which COPD affects these end-organs, however, are unclear. In this paper, we review some of the common and serious extra-pulmonary manifestations of COPD and the potential mechanisms by which they can be linked with COPD.
慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）是一种高度流行的慢性肺部疾病，在西方世界约影响40岁以上成年人的10%。过去10年的研究表明，COPD不仅仅是一种肺部疾病；它还会影响包括心血管和肌肉骨骼系统在内的其他终末器官，使其成为一种多成分、多系统疾病。COPD使缺血性心脏病、中风、骨质疏松症、恶病质和肌肉无力的风险增加两到三倍，与吸烟和年龄等其他因素无关。然而，COPD影响这些终末器官的机制尚不清楚。在本文中，我们回顾了COPD一些常见且严重的肺外表现以及它们与COPD相关的潜在机制。
