Nadeem Ahmed, Masood Anbrin, Siddiqui Nahid
Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Health Sciences Center North West Virginia University Morgantown WV 26506, USA.
Ther Adv Respir Dis. 2008 Aug;2(4):215-35. doi: 10.1177/1753465808094971.
Prevalence of asthma has increased considerably in recent decades throughout the world especially in developed countries. Airway inflammation is thought to be prime cause for repeated episodes of airway obstruction in asthmatics. Several studies have shown that reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a key role in initiation as well as amplification of inflammation in asthmatic airways. Excessive ROS production in asthma leads to alteration in key enzymatic as well as nonenzymatic antioxidants such as glutathione, vitamins C and E, beta-carotene, uric acid, thioredoxin, superoxide dismutases, catalase, and glutathione peroxidases leading to oxidant-antioxidant imbalance in airways. Oxidant-antioxidant imbalance leads to pathophysiological effects associated with asthma such as vascular permeability, mucus hypersecretion, smooth muscle contraction, and epithelial shedding. Epidemiological data also support the scientific evidence of oxidant-antioxidant imbalance in asthmatics. Therefore, the supplementation of antioxidants to boost the endogenous antioxidants or scavenge excessive ROS production could be utilized to dampen/prevent the inflammatory response in asthma by restoring oxidant-antioxidant balance. This review summarizes the scientific and epidemiological evidence linking asthma with oxidant-antioxidant imbalance and possible antioxidant strategies that can be used therapeutically for better management of asthma.
近几十年来，全球哮喘患病率显著上升，尤其是在发达国家。气道炎症被认为是哮喘患者反复出现气道阻塞的主要原因。多项研究表明，活性氧（ROS）在哮喘气道炎症的引发和放大过程中起关键作用。哮喘中ROS的过度产生会导致关键酶类以及非酶类抗氧化剂（如谷胱甘肽、维生素C和E、β-胡萝卜素、尿酸、硫氧还蛋白、超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶）发生改变，从而导致气道内氧化-抗氧化失衡。氧化-抗氧化失衡会引发与哮喘相关的病理生理效应，如血管通透性增加、黏液分泌过多、平滑肌收缩和上皮脱落。流行病学数据也支持哮喘患者存在氧化-抗氧化失衡的科学证据。因此，补充抗氧化剂以增强内源性抗氧化剂或清除过量的ROS生成，可通过恢复氧化-抗氧化平衡来减轻/预防哮喘中的炎症反应。本综述总结了将哮喘与氧化-抗氧化失衡联系起来的科学和流行病学证据，以及可用于哮喘治疗性管理的可能抗氧化策略。
