Ojewole John A O, Awe Emmanuel O, Nyinawumuntu Agatha
Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa.
Phytother Res. 2009 Jul;23(7):965-71. doi: 10.1002/ptr.2732.
This study investigated the antidiarrhoeal activity of Hypoxis hemerocallidea corm aqueous extract (APE) on experimentally-induced diarrhoea, gastrointestinal motility, intestinal transit and enteropooling in rodents. H. hemerocallidea corm aqueous extract (APE, 50-400 mg/kg, p.o.) produced dose-dependent and significant (p < 0.05-0.01) protection of rats and mice against castor oil-induced diarrhoea, inhibited intestinal transit and delayed gastric emptying. Like atropine (1 mg/kg, p.o.), APE (50-400 mg/kg, p.o.) produced dose-dependent and significant (p < 0.05-0.01) antimotility effect, and caused dose-related inhibition of castor oil-induced enteropooling in the animals. Like loperamide (10 mg/kg, p.o.), APE (50-400 mg/kg, p.o.) dose-dependently and significantly (p < 0.05-0.01) delayed the onset of castor oil-induced diarrhoea, decreased the frequency of defaecation and reduced the severity of diarrhoea in the rodents. Compared with control animals, APE (50-400 mg/kg, p.o.) dose-dependently and significantly (p < 0.05-0.01) decreased the volume of castor oil-induced intestinal fluid secretion, and reduced the number, weight and wetness of faecal droppings. APE (50-400 mg/mL) also produced concentration-related and significant (p < 0.05-0.01) inhibitions of the spontaneous, pendular contractions of the rabbit isolated duodenum, and attenuated acetylcholine (ACh, 0.1-5.0 microg/mL)-induced contractions of the guinea-pig isolated ileum. Although the precise mechanism of the antidiarrhoeal activity of APE could not be established, the results of this study indicate that APE possesses antidiarrhoeal activity. This finding supports the use of 'African potato' as a natural supplementary remedy for the treatment, management and/or control of diarrhoea in some rural communities of southern Africa.
本研究调查了小金梅草球茎水提取物（APE）对实验性诱导的腹泻、胃肠动力、肠道转运及肠内积液在啮齿动物中的止泻活性。小金梅草球茎水提取物（APE，50 - 400毫克/千克，口服）对蓖麻油诱导的腹泻对大鼠和小鼠产生剂量依赖性且显著（p < 0.05 - 0.01）的保护作用，抑制肠道转运并延迟胃排空。与阿托品（1毫克/千克，口服）一样，APE（50 - 400毫克/千克，口服）产生剂量依赖性且显著（p < 0.05 - 0.01）的抗运动效应，并导致动物中蓖麻油诱导的肠内积液的剂量相关抑制。与洛哌丁胺（10毫克/千克，口服）一样，APE（50 - 400毫克/千克，口服）剂量依赖性且显著（p < 0.05 - 0.01）地延迟蓖麻油诱导的腹泻发作，减少排便频率并减轻啮齿动物腹泻的严重程度。与对照动物相比，APE（50 - 400毫克/千克，口服）剂量依赖性且显著（p < 0.05 - 0.01）地减少蓖麻油诱导的肠液分泌量，并减少粪便滴的数量、重量和湿度。APE（50 - 400毫克/毫升）还对兔离体十二指肠的自发摆动收缩产生浓度相关且显著（p < 0.05 - 0.01）的抑制作用，并减弱乙酰胆碱（ACh，0.1 - 5.0微克/毫升）诱导的豚鼠离体回肠收缩。虽然无法确定APE止泻活性的确切机制，但本研究结果表明APE具有止泻活性。这一发现支持在南部非洲的一些农村社区将“非洲土豆（小金梅草）”用作治疗、管理和/或控制腹泻的天然补充药物。
