Pastukhov Alexander, Braun Jochen
Cognitive Biology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.
J Vis. 2008 Oct 29;8(13):7.1-14. doi: 10.1167/8.13.7.
It is well known that pauses in the presentation of an ambiguous display may stabilize its perceptual appearance. Here we show that this stabilization depends on an extended history spanning several dominance periods, not merely on the most recent period. Specifically, appearance after a pause often reflects less recent (but longer) dominance periods rather than more recent (but shorter) periods. Our results imply the existence of a short-tem memory for perceptual appearance that builds up over seconds, decays over minutes, and is robust to perceptual reversals. Although this memory is most evident in paused displays, it influences perceptual reversals also when display presentation continues: while the memory of one appearance prevails over that of the other, successive dominance durations are positively correlated. This highly unusual successive dependence suggests that multi-stable perception is not the memory-less 'renewal process' as which it has long been regarded. Instead, a short-term memory of appearance must be added to the multiple processes that jointly produce reversals of perceptual appearance.
众所周知，在呈现模糊图像时的停顿可能会稳定其感知外观。在这里我们表明，这种稳定性取决于跨越几个占优期的一段较长时间，而不仅仅取决于最近的时期。具体而言，停顿后的外观往往反映的是不太近（但持续时间更长）的占优期，而非更近（但持续时间更短）的时期。我们的结果意味着存在一种关于感知外观的短期记忆，它在数秒内积累，在数分钟内衰退，并且对感知反转具有鲁棒性。尽管这种记忆在停顿的图像中最为明显，但当图像呈现持续时，它也会影响感知反转：当一种外观的记忆比另一种外观的记忆占优时，连续的占优持续时间呈正相关。这种非常不寻常的连续依赖性表明，多稳态感知并非长期以来被视为的无记忆“更新过程”。相反，必须将外观的短期记忆添加到共同导致感知外观反转的多个过程中。
