Koch A M, Eriksen H M, Elstrøm P, Aavitsland P, Harthug S
Department of Infection Control, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
J Hosp Infect. 2009 Mar;71(3):269-74. doi: 10.1016/j.jhin.2008.10.032. Epub 2009 Jan 14.
The aim of this study was to identify the consequences of healthcare-associated infections in Norwegian nursing homes, to include debilitation, hospital transfer and mortality. We followed the residents of six nursing homes in two major cities in Norway during the period October 2004 to March 2005. For each resident with infection we randomly selected two controls among residents who did not have an infection. Cases and the controls were followed for 30 days as a cohort in order to measure the incidence of complications and risk ratio (RR) in the two groups. The incidence of infection was 5.2 per 1000 resident-days. After 30 days follow-up 10.9% of residents who had acquired infection demonstrated a reduction in overall physical condition compared with 4.8% in the unexposed group (RR: 2.3). Altogether 13.0% of residents with infections were admitted to hospital compared with 1.4% in the unexposed group (RR 9.2), and 16.1% residents with infections died in the nursing home during follow-up compared with 2.4% in the unexposed group (RR: 6.6). Residents with lower respiratory tract infections demonstrated higher morbidity and mortality. In conclusion, healthcare-associated infections cause severe consequences for people living in nursing homes, including debilitation, hospital admission and death.
本研究的目的是确定挪威养老院中医疗保健相关感染的后果，包括身体衰弱、转院至医院和死亡率。在2004年10月至2005年3月期间，我们对挪威两个主要城市的六家养老院的居民进行了跟踪调查。对于每一位感染的居民，我们在未感染的居民中随机挑选两名作为对照。将病例组和对照组作为一个队列随访30天，以测量两组并发症的发生率和风险比（RR）。感染发生率为每1000居民日5.2例。随访30天后，感染居民中有10.9%的人整体身体状况下降，而未感染组为4.8%（RR：2.3）。感染居民中有13.0%被送进医院，而未感染组为1.4%（RR 9.2），在随访期间，感染居民中有16.1%在养老院死亡，而未感染组为2.4%（RR：6.6）。下呼吸道感染的居民发病率和死亡率更高。总之，医疗保健相关感染会给养老院居民带来严重后果，包括身体衰弱、住院和死亡。
