Cancer Research Initiatives Foundation, Subang Jaya Medical Centre, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia.
Oral Oncol. 2009 Aug;45(8):712-9. doi: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2008.11.002. Epub 2009 Jan 14.
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a world health problem and is associated with exposure to different risk factors. In the west, smoking and alcohol consumption are considered to be the main risk factors whilst in India and southeast Asia, betel quid (BQ) chewing is predominant. In this study, we compared the gene expression patterns of oral cancers associated with BQ chewing to those caused by smoking using Affymetrix microarrays. We found that 281 genes were differentially expressed between OSCC and normal oral mucosa regardless of aetiological factors including MMP1, PLAU, MAGE-D4, GNA12, IFITM3 and NMU. Further, we identified 168 genes that were differentially expressed between the BQ and smoking groups including CXCL-9, TMPRSS2, CA12 and RNF24. The expression of these genes was validated using qPCR using independent tissue samples. The results demonstrate that whilst common genes/pathways contribute to the development of oral cancer, there are also other gene expression changes that are specific to certain risk factors. The findings suggest that different carcinogens activate or inhibit specific pathways during cancer development and progression. These unique gene expression profiles should be taken into consideration when developing biomarkers for future use in prognostic or therapeutic applications.
口腔鳞状细胞癌（OSCC）是一个世界性的健康问题，与接触不同的危险因素有关。在西方，吸烟和饮酒被认为是主要的危险因素，而在印度和东南亚，嚼槟榔更为普遍。在这项研究中，我们使用 Affymetrix 微阵列比较了与嚼槟榔相关的口腔癌与吸烟相关口腔癌的基因表达模式。我们发现，无论病因因素如何，包括 MMP1、PLAU、MAGE-D4、GNA12、IFITM3 和 NMU，有 281 个基因在口腔癌和正常口腔黏膜之间存在差异表达。此外，我们还发现了 168 个在嚼槟榔和吸烟组之间差异表达的基因，包括 CXCL-9、TMPRSS2、CA12 和 RNF24。我们使用独立的组织样本通过 qPCR 验证了这些基因的表达。结果表明，虽然常见的基因/途径有助于口腔癌的发展，但也存在其他特定于某些危险因素的基因表达变化。这些发现表明，不同的致癌剂在癌症发展和进展过程中激活或抑制特定的途径。在开发未来用于预后或治疗应用的生物标志物时，应考虑这些独特的基因表达谱。
