Gamliel-Atinsky E, Sztejnberg A, Maymon M, Shtienberg D, Freeman S
Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Quality Sciences, Israel.
Phytopathology. 2009 Feb;99(2):160-6. doi: 10.1094/PHYTO-99-2-0160.
Inoculum availability and conidial dispersal patterns of Fusarium mangiferae, causal agent of mango malformation disease, were studied during 2006 and 2007 in an experimental orchard. The spatial pattern of primary infections in a heavily infected commercial mango orchard corresponded with a typical dispersal pattern caused by airborne propagules. Malformed inflorescences were first observed in mid-March, gradually increased, reaching a peak in May, and declined to negligible levels in August. The sporulation capacity of the malformed inflorescences was evaluated during three consecutive months. Significantly higher numbers of conidia per gram of malformed inflorescence were detected in May and June than in April. Annual conidial dissemination patterns were evaluated by active and passive trapping of conidia. A peak in trapped airborne conidia was detected in May and June for both years. The daily pattern of conidial dispersal was not associated with a specifically discernable time of day, and an exponential correlation was determined between mean relative humidity (RH) and mean number of trapped conidia. Higher numbers of conidia were trapped when RH values were low (<55%). This is the first detailed report on airborne dispersal of F. mangiferae, serving as the primary means of inoculum spread.
2006年至2007年期间，在一个实验果园中对芒果畸形病病原菌芒果镰孢菌的接种体可用性和分生孢子传播模式进行了研究。在一个重度感染的商业芒果园中，初次感染的空间模式与空气传播繁殖体引起的典型传播模式相符。畸形花序于3月中旬首次被观察到，随后逐渐增加，5月达到峰值，8月降至可忽略不计的水平。连续三个月对畸形花序的产孢能力进行了评估。5月和6月每克畸形花序中检测到的分生孢子数量明显高于4月。通过主动和被动捕捉分生孢子评估了年度分生孢子传播模式。两年的5月和6月均检测到捕获的空气传播分生孢子出现峰值。分生孢子传播的每日模式与一天中特定的可辨别时间无关，并且确定平均相对湿度（RH）与捕获的分生孢子平均数之间存在指数相关性。当相对湿度值较低（<55%）时，捕获的分生孢子数量较多。这是关于芒果镰孢菌空气传播的首份详细报告，空气传播是接种体传播的主要方式。
