Holy J, Schatten G
Department of Zoology and the Integrated Microscopy Resource, University of Wisconsin-Madison 53706.
Dev Biol. 1991 Oct;147(2):343-53. doi: 10.1016/0012-1606(91)90292-b.
The spindle poles of fertilized sea urchin eggs have commonly been modeled as being derived from the centrosomes of the fertilizing spermatozoon. Boveri's theory of fertilization, proposed at the turn of the century, states that the maternal centrosome is suppressed or inactivated during oogenesis and that the sperm centrosome is functionally dominant. In support of this proposal, more recent studies have shown that the sperm imports a determinant that is involved in centrosomal replication. Examination of sea urchin zygotes immunofluorescently labeled with a new anti-centrosomal antibody by quantitative confocal laser-scanning microscopy shows, however, that spindle pole centrosomes are not exclusively paternal structures, but additionally contain material derived from maternal pools. Furthermore, this maternal centrosomal material is divided among daughter blastomeres during cleavage. It therefore appears that although the sperm centrosome plays a dominant role in organizing the spindle poles, much of the centrosomal material within the spindle poles of the zygote is actually recruited from preexisting egg cytoplasmic stores. These data indicate that centrosomes of sea urchin embryos are biparentally derived, composite organelles.
受精海胆卵的纺锤体极通常被模拟为源自受精精子的中心体。世纪之交提出的博韦里受精理论指出，母体中心体在卵子发生过程中受到抑制或失活，精子中心体在功能上占主导地位。为支持这一观点，最近的研究表明，精子导入了一种参与中心体复制的决定因素。然而，通过定量共聚焦激光扫描显微镜检查用一种新的抗中心体抗体进行免疫荧光标记的海胆合子发现，纺锤体极中心体并非完全是父系结构，还包含源自母体储备的物质。此外，这种母体中心体物质在卵裂过程中被分配到子细胞中。因此，尽管精子中心体在组织纺锤体极方面起主导作用，但合子纺锤体极内的许多中心体物质实际上是从预先存在的卵细胞质储存中募集而来的。这些数据表明，海胆胚胎的中心体是双亲来源的复合细胞器。
