Cooper Chris M, Davies Noel W, Menary Robert C
School of Agricultural Science and Central Science Laboratory, University of Tasmania, G.P.O. Box 252-54, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.
J Agric Food Chem. 2009 Feb 25;57(4):1513-20. doi: 10.1021/jf802610p.
The carotenoid profile of an acetone extract from the flowers and leaves of Boronia megastigma (Nees) was examined. A comparison was made of the major carotenoids found in boronia flowers and leaves. The C-40 carotenoids beta-carotene, zeaxanthin, lutein, and neoxanthin were positively identified in boronia flowers using known standards, UV-vis spectra, and mass spectrometry. Two other carotenoids were tentatively assigned as the palmitic acid ester of 3-hydroxy-10'-apocaroten-10'-oic acid and 9,15,9'-tri-cis-zeta-carotene. Additionally, changes in the levels of C-40 carotenoids, C-27 apocarotenoids, and beta-ionone during flower development were measured. Significant increases in beta-carotene and apocarotenoids that could be derived from cleavage in the 9,10-position, including beta-ionone and various C-27 apocarotenoids, were observed at the time of flower opening. An increase in lutein, which is derived through an alternative biosynthetic pathway, was not observed during flower opening, thus indicating the possibility that the beta-carotene pathway was activated during flower opening in boronia. The understanding of these processes may assist in optimizing harvest and postharvest processes useful to the boronia extraction industry.
对大花博落回（Nees）花和叶的丙酮提取物的类胡萝卜素谱进行了检测。对大花博落回花朵和叶片中发现的主要类胡萝卜素进行了比较。利用已知标准品、紫外可见光谱和质谱法，在大花博落回花朵中明确鉴定出了C-40类胡萝卜素β-胡萝卜素、玉米黄质、叶黄素和新黄质。另外两种类胡萝卜素被初步鉴定为3-羟基-10'-阿朴胡萝卜素-10'-酸的棕榈酸酯和9,15,9'-三顺式-ζ-胡萝卜素。此外，还测定了花朵发育过程中C-40类胡萝卜素、C-27阿朴胡萝卜素和β-紫罗兰酮含量的变化。在花朵开放时，观察到β-胡萝卜素和可由9,10位裂解产生的阿朴胡萝卜素显著增加，包括β-紫罗兰酮和各种C-27阿朴胡萝卜素。在花朵开放期间未观察到通过另一条生物合成途径产生的叶黄素增加，因此表明在大花博落回花朵开放期间β-胡萝卜素途径可能被激活。对这些过程的了解可能有助于优化对大花博落回提取行业有用的收获和采后过程。
