Research Group Longitudinal and Intervention Research, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany.
Behav Res Ther. 2009 Mar;47(3):224-30. doi: 10.1016/j.brat.2008.12.005. Epub 2008 Dec 27.
Rumination has been proposed as a cognitive risk factor for the onset and maintenance of depression. In parallel, mindfulness interventions have shown to reduce the risk for recurrence of depressive episodes. This study aimed to investigate effects of short periods of induced rumination, distraction, and mindful self-focus on sad mood in depressed patients and to assess possible moderator effects of habitual variables on respective mood changes. Seventy-six depressed patients 3.5 years after discharge from inpatient treatment were subjected to negative mood induction and subsequently randomly assigned to a rumination, distraction, or mindful self-focus induction. Habitual aspects of rumination, distraction, and mindfulness were assessed by questionnaires. Compared to rumination, the induction of a mindful self-focus and of distraction showed clear beneficial effects on the course of negative mood. While habitual distraction predicted better mood outcomes across all conditions, patients high in habitual mindfulness tended to show stronger negative mood reduction specifically after the induction of a mindful self-focus. This study indicates that - similar to distraction - an experimentally induced mindful self-focus is able to reduce negative mood in depressed patients. Implications regarding possible subgroups of patients who might particularly benefit from mindfulness-based interventions are discussed.
反刍被认为是抑郁发作和维持的认知风险因素。与此同时，正念干预已被证明可以降低抑郁发作复发的风险。本研究旨在调查短暂的诱导反刍、分心和正念自我关注对抑郁患者悲伤情绪的影响，并评估习惯性变量对各自情绪变化的可能调节作用。76 名住院治疗 3.5 年后出院的抑郁患者接受了负面情绪诱导，随后随机分配到反刍、分心或正念自我关注诱导组。通过问卷评估反刍、分心和正念的习惯性方面。与反刍相比，正念自我关注和分心的诱导对负面情绪的发展有明显的有益影响。虽然习惯性分心预测所有条件下的情绪结果更好，但习惯性正念较高的患者在进行正念自我关注诱导后，负面情绪的减轻更为明显。这项研究表明，与分心类似，实验诱导的正念自我关注能够减轻抑郁患者的负面情绪。讨论了可能特别受益于正念干预的患者亚组的相关问题。
